Abstract: In one aspect, a graphics processing unit (GPU) data sniffing method includes the step of providing a video game software comprising a set of graphics data of a video game. The method includes the step of communicating the set of graphics data to a graphics library using an application programming interface (API) call to the graphics library. The graphics library includes at least one application API interface. The method includes the step of providing a sniffing module. The sniffing module intercepts the set of graphics data before the set of graphics data reaches the GPU. The sniffing module copies the set of graphics data to create a copy of the graphics data. The sniffing module forwards the copy of the graphics data to the graphics library for rendering to a receiving entity.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for promoting fusion of vertebrae are provided. The apparatuses comprise interconnecting plates that fixate vertebrae to each other and provide for a predetermined amount of subsidence where the fusion occurs. Allowing for this predetermined amount of subsidence increases bone to bone contact at the graft, which promotes fusion without having excessive settling of the two vertebrae onto the graft. The predetermined amount of subsidence is achieved by the placement of a plate spacer between each of two interconnecting plates when the plates are attached to the vertebrae. The plate spacer has a height equal to the maximum amount of subsidence desired. After affixing the plates to the vertebrae, the plate spacer is removed, leaving a space between the plates, which allows the vertebrae to subside by a distance equal to the height of the plate spacer.