Abstract: New fiber optic elements and a new microchannel plate forming method for ximity focussed image intensifier tubes and a method for making them are provided. Higher resolution is provided at the center of the field of view by the use of graded fiber and channel sizes and by the use of convex and concave surfaces in proximity focus.

Abstract: New fiber optic elements and a new microchannel plate for proximity focus image intensifier tubes and a method for making them are provided. Higher resolution is provided at the center of the field of view by the use of graded fiber and channel sizes and by the use of convex and concave surfaces in proximity focus.

Abstract: New fiber optic elements and a new microchannel plate for proximity focus image intensifier tubes and a method for making them are provided. Higher resolution is provided at the center of the field of view by the use of graded fiber and channel sizes and by the use of convex and concave surfaces in proximity focus.

Abstract: A microchannel plate (MCP) electron multiplier image intensifier tube hav the resistivity of the MCP channels suitably tailored to provide nonlinear gain to allow optimum viewing of scenes possessing a large dynamic range. Changes in other tube components and configurations are disclosed that simultaneously improve tube resolution and reduce the time-varying gain effects of the MCP to such a degree that these temporal effects not only do not seriously degrade the image but in fact provide useful contrast enhancement for moving parts of the image.

Abstract: A two chamber vacuum method and apparatus is provided for simultaneously independently preparing image tube components, or the like, with two distinct vacuum environments for separate preparation of the components, and for final assembling of these components in an interconnecting compartment by vacuum sealing.

Abstract: The invention provides one or more externally controlled manipulators for a enerally circularly cylindrical vacuum chamber; which manipulators are capable of small precision translations in three orthogonal directions and can grasp and transport a sample around the chamber on a circular path, rotate the sample 180.degree. about a radius of the path and after releasing the sample into a chamber fixture for storing, processing and/or testing is free to address other samples.

Abstract: The invention provides a two part vacuum interlock for a vacuum chamber wh utilizes the chamber itself as an interconnecting member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for manufacturing microchannel-plate-iall structures (MIW's) wherein the electrical properties of the microchannel plate are protected by the localized application of a cover gas.