Abstract: Novel fabric conditioners based on pyridine carboxylic acid esters or amides are described. The compounds are effective fabric conditioners and are biodegradable. Compositions including the compounds and a method of using the compositions are also described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of SCMOS from sulfur trioxide, maleic anhydride, glycolic acid, and alkaline earth metal hydroxide or mixtures of alkaline earth metal and alkali metal hydroxides is disclosed which cooperatively control pH, temperature, time and ratio of reactants.

Abstract: Diaminoalkyl di(sulfosuccinate) compounds useful as builders are disclosed together with a method for their preparation and detergent compositions for their use.

Abstract: A process for the purification and recovery of 2,2'-oxydisuccinate moieities from a reaction mixture containing maleate, malate, fumarate, and alkaline earth metal is disclosed which reduces the pH to about 3.8 to 4.2 with sulfuric acid and then produces the calcium salt of the 2,2'-oxydisuccinate by heating and precipitation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of enriched reaction mixtures containing 2,2'-oxydisuccinate (alkaline earth metal salts) is disclosed, by pH reduction and removal of alkaline earth metal malates.

Abstract: Novel fabric conditioners based on pyridine carboxylic acid esters or amides are described. The compounds are effective fabric conditioners and are biodegradable. Compositions including the compounds and a method of using the compositions are also described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,2'-oxydisuccinate from maleate, malate and alkaline earth metal hydroxide is disclosed which cooperatively control pH, temperature, time and ratio of reactants to effectively avoid substantial phase separation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of mixed salts of oxydissuccinate/carboxymethyloxysuccinate is disclosed, which process comprises adding glycolic acid to an aqueous mixture obtained from a 2,2'-oxydisuccinate forming reaction. The mixed oxydisuccinate carboxymethyloxysuccinate salts are obtained in high yields and can be used as detergent builder in cleaning compositions.

Abstract: A process is provided for obtaining quaternary ammonium or phosphonium substituted carbonic acid esters. The first step involves reacting the hydroxyl predecessor compound of the ester with phosgene in an aprotic organic solvent to obtain a solution of chloroformate/hydrogen chloride complex. In a second step, the chloroformate/hydrogen chloride complex in solution is admixed with a salt whose conjugate anion, normally a phenol sulfonate, has structure L. During the admixing step, pH is maintained no lower than 6 until all reactants have been combined to form the product ester. Thereupon, pH is lowered to less than 5.5 to stabilize product against hydrolysis.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing with improved reaction kinetics and improved effective yields salicylamide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a substituent selected from the group consisting of --H, --COC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and --C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 wherein n is an integer with a value of from 1 through to about 15, R.sub.2 is a substituent selected from the group consisting of --H, --CN, --NO.sub.2, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, --CF.sub.3, --CBr.sub.3, --CCl.sub.3, --CI.sub.3 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 is an R.sub.2 substituted heterocyclic compound selected (e.g.) from the group consisting of furan, thiazole, benzothiazole and purine which comprises reacting a phenyl salicylate ester bearing an R.sub.1 substituent on the benzene ring of the salicylic acid portion thereof with an R.sub.2 substituted aniline or a heterocyclic amine NH.sub.2 --R.sub.

Abstract: The p-menth-6-ene-7-methylol-2-sulfonic and p-menthane-7-methylol-2-sulfonic acids and their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkylolammonium salts are disclosed. A process is provided for preparing the ammonium salts thereof. A method is presented for increasing the solubility of an only partially water-soluble material using these sulfonic salts as a hydrotrope.

Abstract: p-Menthane-7-sulfonic acid and p-menthane-2-sulfonic acid and their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkylolammonium salts are disclosed. A method for increasing the solubility of an only partially water-soluble material is presented comprising combining the material in water with the salts of p-menth-6-ene-2-sulfonic acid, p-menth-1-ene-7-sulfonic acid and their saturated derivatives as hydrotropes. p-Menth-6-ene-2-sulfonate salts are prepared from .alpha.-pinene and sulfite or bisulfite salt in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst under free radical conditions.

Abstract: The p-menth-6-ene-7-methylol-2-sulfonic and p-menthane-7-methylol-2-sulfonic acids and their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkylolammonium salts are disclosed. A process is provided for preparing the ammonium salts thereof. A method is presented for increasing the solubility of an only partially water-soluble material using these sulfonic salts as a hydrotrope.

Abstract: p-Menthane-7-sulfonic acid and p-menthane-2-sulfonic acid and their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and alkylolammonium salts are disclosed. A method for increasing the solubility of an only partially water-soluble material is presented comprising combining the material in water with the salts of p-menth-6-ene-2-sulfonic acid, p-menth-1-ene-7-sulfonic acid and their saturated derivatives as hydrotropes. p-Menth-6-ene-2-sulfonate salts are prepared from .alpha.-pinene and sulfite or bisulfite salt in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst under free radical conditions.

Abstract: Novel methods for preparing polycarboxylic compounds which are useful as metal sequestrants and food acidulants are disclosed. These compounds are aconitic acid and a mixture of aconitic acid, and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid. The compounds can be neutralized to the corresponding salts which, in turn, are metal sequestering agents. The novel methods include chlorination of propane-1,1,2,3-tetracarboxylic tetraesters.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R" are independently methyl, ethyl or propyl;R' is H, Na, Li, K, Mg.sub.1/2, Ca.sub.1/2, Sr.sub.1/2, Ba.sub.1/2, methyl, ethyl or propyl; andQ is chlorine or bromide;directly to a citrate salt by heating in an aqueous medium, with an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, at a temperature greater than 160.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds and their alkali metal salts are useful metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. Selected compounds are also intermediates useful in the syntheses of aconitic acid as well as isocitric and alloisocitric acids and their lactones. The novel polyfunctional compounds are obtained from the reaction of maleic anhydride with selected active methylene or methane containing compounds.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.