Abstract: A processor unit (3) for model-based predictive control of a vehicle (1) taking into account an arrival time factor is configured to calculate a trajectory for the vehicle (1) based at least in part on at least one arrival time factor, with the trajectory including an entire route (20) to a specified destination (19) at which the vehicle (1) is to arrive, and with the at least one arrival time factor influencing an arrival time of the vehicle (1) at the specified destination (19). Additionally, the processor unit (3) is configured to optimize a section of the trajectory for the vehicle (1) for a sliding prediction horizon by executing a model-based predictive control (MPC) algorithm (13), where the MPC algorithm (13) includes a longitudinal dynamic model (14) of a drive train (7) of the vehicle (1) and a cost function (15) to be minimized.

Abstract: A processor unit (3) is configured for executing an MPC algorithm (13) for model predictive control of an electric machine (8) of a drive train (7) of a motor vehicle (1). The MPC algorithm (13) includes a longitudinal dynamic model (14) of the drive train (7) and a cost function (15) to be minimized. The cost function (15) includes a first term, a second term, and a third term. The processor unit (3) is configured for determining an input variable for the electric machine (8) by executing the MPC algorithm (13) as a function of the first, second, and third terms such that the cost function is minimized.

Abstract: Translating, multifocal contact lens pairs with optical power zones which are dissimilar between the first and second lenses of the pair are utilized for correcting presbyopia in the wearer. Each lens may differ in segment height, power, asphericity, shape, orientation and/or inset of the optical power subzones thereby providing clear and comfortable vision at far, intermediate and near distances.

Abstract: Translating, multifocal contact lens pairs with optical power zones which are dissimilar between the first and second lenses of the pair are utilized for correcting presbyopia in the wearer. Each lens may differ in segment height, power, asphericity, shape, orientation and/or inset of the optical power subzones thereby providing clear and comfortable vision at far, intermediate and near distances.

Abstract: An improved single lens comprising: a continuous change in lens curvature going downwards; a front and a back surfaces; an upper part which front and back surfaces are top zones of front and back surfaces, covering at least the half of respectively front and back surfaces, and where the two top zones are aligned to each other such that the effective power of the upper part of the lens is constant; a lower part used for viewing near objects which front and back surfaces are lower zones of front and back surfaces, the front and back lower zones comprising each a surface zone where top to bottom increasing curvature of each surface zone is provided and where the two front and back lower zones are aligned to each other such that the maximum difference of the effective power of the lower part of the lens and the effective power of the upper part of the lens is comprised between 0 and 0.5 Diopter.

Abstract: The invention provides punctal plugs for the delivery of active agent to one or both of the tear fluid of the eye and to the nasolacrimal duct that comprise a body, at least one cap, and optionally a collarette.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses produced by the adding of two or more surfaces, in which lenses both the length of the corridor is shortened and the maximum unwanted astigmatism is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides multifocal lenses containing at least four zones of different refractive power. The zones are positioned such that the wearer is able to use the inferior-most portion of the lens to more clearly, as compared to conventional multifocal lenses, view objects at distances more than 45 cm from the eye.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses in which the maximum unwanted astigmatism is reduced and distributed over a wide area.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses suitable for use by pre-presbyopic individuals. The lenses of the invention have one or more non-conic, aspheric surfaces having substantially no noticeable unwanted astigmatism.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses produced by the adding of two or more surfaces, in which lenses both the length of the corridor is shortened and the maximum unwanted astigmatism is reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides multifocal lenses containing at least four zones of refractive power. The zones are positioned such that the wearer is able to use the inferior-most portion of the lens to clearly view objects at distances more than about 45 cm from the eye.

Abstract: A method for designing ophthalmic lenses, including progressive addition lenses, and lenses produced by the method are provided. The method permits the direct correlation of an individual's subjective assessment of the lens' performance and the objective measure of lens performance relative to the individual. The method permits generation of lens designs based on the head and eye movement of the individual and the designing of customized lenses.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses in which the maximum unwanted astigmatism is reduced and distributed over a wide area.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automated production of ophthalmic lenses, particularly compound lenses having a plastic coating on a plastic lens is described. A mold, after rotational orientation, is placed in a gimbal assembly to provide for the proper tilt. This gimbal assembly forms part of a fixture attached to an indexing means which moves for complete assembly of a molding fixture and then moves the molding fixture through a chamber to cure the resin. A preform, after rotational orientation, is held, by a preform gripper placed above the mold, and with sufficient clearance between the mold and the preform to allow the correct resin thickness during the curing portion of the process. The fixture is also provided with members to firmly grip the preform gripper so as to maintain its orientation throughout the curing process.

Abstract: The invention provides progressive addition lenses designed for uses in which a large region of intermediate refractive power is desirable. The enlarged intermediate region is provided without partial or complete elimination of the distance vision zone.

Abstract: The invention provides progressive addition lenses in which unwanted lens astigmatism is reduced and channel width is increased. The astigmatism reduction and channel width increase are achieved without functional compromise of the distance and reading zone widths, as compared to conventional progressive addition lenses.

Abstract: The invention provides lenses, as well as methods for their design and production, in which the power distribution between the distance and near vision zone substantially meets the requirements of the wearer's eye path and refractive power. This power distribution is obtained without introducing additional unwanted astigmatism.

Abstract: A method of making a multifocal refractive lens to focus light on the retina of the eye. The lens includes a plurality of segments, having different optical powers, at least one for distance vision and another for near. The lens does not require orientation to produce adequate far and near vision and normal stereoscopic effect. One or both of the segments having the optical powers may have aspherical lens surface. The central zone of the lens consists of only one lens segment, providing a clear central axis. Segments of the other optical power border the first segment along a path defined by a semi-circle or hyperbola that extends from one point along the periphery of the adjoining segments to another point along the periphery of the adjoining segments.

Abstract: A method of making multifocal refractive contact lens to focus light on the retina of the eye uses a plurality of at least two of each alternating segments having different optical powers for distance vision and for near. The lens of the invention does not require orientation to produce adequate far and near vision and normal steroscoptic effect. One or both of the segments having the optical powers may have aspherical lens surface. Preferably, the lens has at least one aspherical lens surface and the segments are divided by an arcuate path going from the center of the lens to edge. Such a lens is manufactured by taking lens molds and cutting the molds from the edge through the center to the opposite edge along a predetermined path. The molds are cut so that the segments produced are interchangable and can be fitted together to make a mold that can produce the multifocal refractive contact lens by molding.