Abstract: A device and a method for measuring and quantifying waviness of sheet materials such as paper. The device in accordance with one embodiment comprises a base having a planar, smooth, and level upper surface for supporting a stack of sheets thereon, a plate-shaped weight for placing atop the stack of sheets, and a measuring device for measuring a vertical distance between a datum surface defined by the weight and a datum surface defined by the base. The measured distance is an indication of the height of the stack. In a preferred embodiment, the device also includes a programmed processor operable to calculate a “Wavy Ratio” based on the measured actual height H of the stack and a calculated “ideal” height of the stack, as Wavy Ratio=H/(n·t), where n is the number of sheets and t is the average caliper of the sheets.

Abstract: A device and a method for measuring and quantifying waviness of sheet materials such as paper. The device in accordance with one embodiment comprises a base having a planar, smooth, and level upper surface for supporting a stack of sheets thereon, a plate-shaped weight for placing atop the stack of sheets, and a measuring device for measuring a vertical distance between a datum surface defined by the weight and a datum surface defined by the base. The measured distance is an indication of the height of the stack. In a preferred embodiment, the device also includes a programmed processor operable to calculate a “Wavy Ratio” based on the measured actual height H of the stack and a calculated “ideal” height of the stack, as Wavy Ratio=H/(n·t), where n is the number of sheets and t is the average caliper of the sheets.

Abstract: A differential pressure sensor for sensing changes in pressure at a desired location, which sensor includes a sensing portion and a reference portion to produce an output indicative of the difference therebetween, both the sensing portion and the reference portion being open to the pressure around the sensor until the sensor is located in the desired sensing location and then the reference portion is closed to capture the pressure then existing at the desired location and any pressure changes thereafter producing signals indicative of the pressure differences.

Abstract: A differential pressure sensor for sensing changes in pressure at a desired location, which sensor includes a sensing portion and a reference portion to produce an output indicative of the difference therebetween, both the sensing portion and the reference portion being open to the pressure around the sensor until the sensor is located in the desired sensing location and then the reference portion is closed to capture the pressure then existing at the desired location and any pressure changes thereafter producing signals indicative of the pressure differences.

Abstract: A method and device for generating hot sheets for lottery numbers based upon previously drawn numbers and astronomical data. A player selects at least one number for input. The input number is then searched for in a database containing historical data of at least one comparison lottery including the number and date of previous draws. It is then determined when the number selected by the user was previously drawn in the comparison lottery by accessing the comparison lottery database. A second database, which is also accessible by the device, which may be a part of the first database, contains data regarding the timing of certain astronomical events, such as planet aspects, planet ingress, moon ingress, and the phases and eclipses of the moon. Time gaps between the time of the previous drawings of the number selected by the player is determined, such as by using the dates immediately before and after the dates the number previously fell.

Abstract: A system for electrical grounding consisting of a series of grounding receptacles which include electrically insulative housings and grounding terminals which are interconnected by a common ground wire. The ground wire is also insulated from the surrounding environment and is electrically connected to a ground rod. The ground rod acts as a single grounding point which is shared by each electrical device which is connected to each grounding terminal.

Abstract: The selector switch has two operating positions, indicated by different colors of light. An operator knob having two spaced translucent portions of different colors is drivingly connected to a tubular switch operator rotor. A lamp shield is received within the rotor around a lamp. The lamp shield has an aperture which directs light only through the translucent portion of the selector switch knob directly over the aperture so that the color of the visible light corresponds to a particular operating position of the selector switch knob.

Abstract: A measure of the noise performance of an FDM system can be made by making measurements when the system is carrying traffic. The technique consists of creating a quiet channel in the system, and measuring the noise level in this quiet channel. The tester operates by Teeing off the broad band incoming signal, automatically attenuating the broad band signal to a predetermined level, and then measuring the power level in a narrow bandwidth lying within a single channel. The measurement is performed using an automatic attenuator controlled by a feedback loop containing, band pass filters, superhetrodyne detectors, a comparator controlling a counter, which in turn controls the automatic attenuator.

Abstract: TNR (Traffic Noise Ratio) is defined as the ratio of the portion of the noise representing a multi-channel signal that occurs in a narrow bandwidth (including inherent, and intermodulation) to the noise in the same bandwidth, in the absence of a traffic signal in that bandwidth, under specified traffic conditions. The TNR of a communications link is measured by measuring the noise power level in a predetermined bandwidth in a quiet channel with reference to a signal representative of the power that would be in the quiet channel if it was loaded under peak traffic conditions. The noise power level is measured using a digitally stepped automatic attenuator controlled by a feedback loop which includes filters for isolating the noise in the quiet channel.