Abstract: Inhibitors of the enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP), including 1B1 (CYP1B1), 1A1 (CYP1A1) and 19A1 (CYP19A1) are provided, and are useful in medical applications. Disclosed are highly potent and selective compounds that can be used in chemoprevention to ameliorate malignant changes induced by CYP, or to aid in treatment, including restoration of chemotherapeutic efficacy.

Abstract: The presently-disclosed subject matter includes light-activated ruthenium compounds. In some embodiments the compounds release one or more ligands when exposed to light, and in specific embodiments the light includes a wavelength of about 500 nm to about 1000 nm. The present compounds can also comprise an overall charge, wherein the overall charge can be a positive overall charge or a negative overall charge. Further still, embodiments include methods of treating cancer in a subject by administering a compound and then exposing a site of the subject to light.