Abstract: A radiation measurement means is shown which has the capability of detect radiation in both the millimeter wave, and the infrared, frequency regions. A basic self-oscillating Gunn diode is enclosed in a donut shaped silicon ring. The presence of infrared energy will create holes and electrons in the silicon material, altering its conductivity, and lower the power of oscillation. The realized drop in oscillating power identifies the infrared. Millimeter wave radiation is detected because an intermediate frequency is generated as the Gunn diode operates as a self-oscillating mixer of the new different frequency with its own oscillating frequency. Thus it is possible to detect signals from both ranges, in a single device.

Abstract: A low cost arrangement for a millimeter wave solid state diode oscillator, hich obviates precise machining and uses a dielectric transmission line associated with a resonant cavity. Coupling and impedance matching are greatly facilitated by a conductive stripe structure on the end of the dielectric transmission line, extending into the resonant cavity of the solid state oscillator. Fine tuning is provided by a mechanical slide screw. Two layers of shielding surrounding the resonant cavity are provided by a convenient package suitable for various applications of the millimeter wave oscillator wherein leakage radiation is not permitted.

Abstract: Optical fibers are used in a utility piping system containing oil, water or as by coating the fibers after drawing with an inorganic hermetic coating which is impervious to both moisture and whatever fluid is contained in the system. The hermetic coating permits the fibers to undergo the mechanical stresses encountered during insertion in the piping system without causing degradation of either the mechanical or optical performance of the fibers.