Abstract: A system for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace in a SCNR process includes at least one injection distribution module (IDM) for supplying water to a plurality of injection lances, metering valves for supplying a NOx reducing agent to the plurality of injection lances, wherein the reagent injection rate of each injection lance is controlled by one metering valve such that a reagent concentration in each injection lance is adjustable and variable from one another. A method for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace includes providing at least one IDM, and for each IDM, providing a plurality of injection lances in communication with the IDM, supplying water to the plurality of injection lances through the IDM and supplying a NOx reducing agent through metering valves, wherein each metering valve controls the reagent injection rate to one injection lance.

Abstract: A system for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace in a SCNR process includes at least one injection distribution module (IDM) for supplying water to a plurality of injection lances, metering valves for supplying a NOx reducing agent to the plurality of injection lances, wherein the reagent injection rate of each injection lance is controlled by one metering valve such that a reagent concentration in each injection lance is adjustable and variable from one another. A method for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace includes providing at least one IDM, and for each IDM, providing a plurality of injection lances in communication with the IDM, supplying water to the plurality of injection lances through the IDM and supplying a NOx reducing agent through metering valves, wherein each metering valve controls the reagent injection rate to one injection lance.

Abstract: A system for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace in a SCNR process includes at least one injection distribution module (IDM) for supplying water to a plurality of injection lances, metering valves for supplying a NOx reducing agent to the plurality of injection lances, wherein the reagent injection rate of each injection lance is controlled by one metering valve such that a reagent concentration in each injection lance is adjustable and variable from one another. A method for controlling a reagent flow to a furnace includes providing at least one IDM, and for each IDM, providing a plurality of injection lances in communication with the IDM, supplying water to the plurality of injection lances through the IDM and supplying a NOx reducing agent through metering valves, wherein each metering valve controls the reagent injection rate to one injection lance.

Abstract: A system for controlling reagent flow to an exhaust of a lean burn combustion source includes a plurality of decomposition ducts each being connected to at least one injection lance of a reagent injection grid and supplying reagent and hot carrier gas to the injection lance, and at least one metering valve in communication with each of the plurality of decomposition ducts that controls reagent injection rate to the injection lance. A method of controlling a reagent flow to an exhaust of a lean burn combustion source includes providing a reagent injection grid having at least one injection lance, supplying the reagent and hot carrier gas to the reagent injection grid from a plurality of decomposition ducts coupled to the injection grid, and controlling reagent injection rate to the injection grid via at least one metering valve in communication with each of the plurality of decomposition ducts.

Abstract: A large-scale combustion system has a fuel line having a burner end, a burner at the burner end of the fuel line, a source of fuel flowing through the fuel line to the burner, a hot surface igniter adjacent to the fuel line, a flame holder disposed adjacent to the hot surface igniter, and a source of igniter combustion air. The hot surface igniter is activated to ignite the source of fuel, the ignited fuel leaving the burner, and the hot surface igniter is protected from a heat caused by the ignited fuel. A flame detector detects ignition of the source of fuel and in response to detection of ignition the hot surface igniter is deactivated.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing NOx emissions from a lean burn combustion source is provided. The system includes a blower passing air through a continuous duct having a hot portion and a reaction portion. The hot portion of the duct is positioned in the convective zone of the combustion source to heat the passing air for the reaction portion of the duct. An injector attached to a urea storage container is positioned in the reaction portion of the duct and sprays urea from the storage container into the heated air in the reaction duct for evaporation and decomposition into ammonia gas. The ammonia gas is then supplied to an injection grid in the exhaust duct of the lean burn combustion source upstream of a NOx reduction catalyst. The injection grid supplies the ammonia gas to the exhaust gas in the exhaust duct.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing NOx emissions from a lean burn combustion source is provided. The system includes a blower passing air through a continuous duct having a hot portion and a reaction portion. The hot portion of the duct is positioned in the convective zone of the combustion source to heat the passing air for the reaction portion of the duct. An injector attached to a urea storage container is positioned in the reaction portion of the duct and sprays urea from the storage container into the heated air in the reaction duct for evaporation and decomposition into ammonia gas. The ammonia gas is then supplied to an injection grid in the exhaust duct of the lean burn combustion source upstream of a NOx reduction catalyst. The injection grid supplies the ammonia gas to the exhaust gas in the exhaust duct.

Abstract: A tangential fired boiler includes a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone, the circumferential wall being generally rectangular when viewed along a generally horizontal cross-section. A fireball is disposed within the combustion zone, the fireball rotating about an imaginary axis when viewed along a generally horizontal cross-section. A corner member is disposed proximate to at least one corner of the combustion zone, with a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the corner member. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel into the combustion zone, and at least some of the plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel in a direction which is angled with respect to a normal of the corner member and upstream relative to a direction of rotation of the fireball.

Abstract: An atomizer spray plate including a body having an inlet surface and an exit surface, a swirl chamber within the body and adjacent to the inlet surface, an atomizer hole extending through the body from the swirl chamber to the exit surface, and a plurality of elongated protrusions upon the inlet surface extending radially from the swirl chamber, wherein the plurality of elongated protrusions define a plurality of venturi inlets to the swirl chamber between adjacent protrusions.

Abstract: An atomizer spray plate including a body having an inlet surface and an exit surface, a swirl chamber within the body and adjacent to the inlet surface, an atomizer hole extending through the body from the swirl chamber to the exit surface, and a plurality of elongated protrusions upon the inlet surface extending radially from the swirl chamber, wherein the plurality of elongated protrusions define a plurality of venturi inlets to the swirl chamber between adjacent protrusions.

Abstract: A tangential fired boiler has a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone and a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the circumferential wall. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel at non-uniform rates in order to produce localized fuel rich, oxygen poor zones and fuel lean, oxygen rich zones within the combustion zone, and to cause ambient boiler gases to be entrained into and mix with the oxygen poor zone to achieve fuel staging of the boiler.

Abstract: A tangential fired boiler has a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone and a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the circumferential wall. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel at non-uniform rates in order to produce localized fuel rich, oxygen poor zones and fuel lean,-oxygen rich zones within the combustion zone, and to cause ambient boiler gases to be entrained into and mix with the oxygen poor zone to achieve fuel staging of the boiler.

Abstract: A damper assembly for adjusting a full flow of the air-entrained coal traversing at least one annular conduit along a flow path, wherein the one conduit has a peripheral wall defining the entire cross-sectional area of the conduit, the damper assembly includes an elongated blade, which has its length substantially greater than its width and which is rotatably mounted to the conduit to adjust the flow from no change to approximately 75% of the full flow.

Abstract: A round burner capable of being operated with reduced CO and NOx emissions includes a venturi tube positioned to direct a flow of air through the burner and into a combustion zone in a combustion chamber through an entrance in a wall of the combustion chamber. The venturi tube has inlet and outlet ends and a throat. The outlet end of the venturi tube has a larger internal diameter than either the inlet end or the throat and the same is positioned adjacent the entrance to the combustion chamber. The inlet end of the venturi tube is also positioned further from the entrance than the outlet end of the venturi tube. The burner may include a duct system that includes an inlet disposed in fluid communication with the combustion zone and an outlet disposed in fluid communication with the venturi tube adjacent the throat thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus in which an atomizer is provided with two arrays of discharge holes adjacent and offset from each other.

Abstract: A furnace gas injection apparatus and process for delivering gaseous fuel to a furnace at a compound angle wherein one angle .alpha. of the compound angle is directed outwardly from the furnace burner centerline at an angle of between 75.degree. and 120.degree. to a line extending radially from the furnace burner centerline to the gas discharge openings of the gas injection means.

Abstract: An apparatus and process in which an atomizer is provided with an array of discharge holes located a distance from the atomizer whirling chamber greater than 400/512 times the radius of the whirling chamber.

Abstract: A combustion system and method for a coal-fired furnace in which a burner divides a mixture of coal and air into a first stream containing most of the coal and a second stream containing most of the air. The first stream is discharged from the central part of the burner and the second stream is discharged through an annular passage surrounding the first stream in a combustion-supporting relation to the first stream. Additional air is discharged in varying amounts in a combustion-supporting relation to said streams.

Abstract: A combustion system and method for a coal-fired furnace in which a separator-nozzle assembly divides a coal-air mixture into a first stream containing most of the coal and a second stream containing a much smaller quantity of coal. Another nozzle is provided which receives another mixture of coal and air and discharges same in a combustion supporting relation to said streams. At start up and low loads, the separator-nozzle assembly discharges a majority of the coal and air in a combustion supporting relationship and the other nozzle discharges a relatively low quantity of coal and air. At high load conditions, the other nozzle discharges a majority of the coal and air while the coal and air discharging from the separator-nozzle assembly is kept at relatively low values. A splitter is provided for receiving a coal-air mixture from a mill and splitting it into two separate mixtures.