Abstract: A wavelet-based band difference-sum ratio method reduces the computation cost of classification and feature extraction (identification) tasks. A Generalized Difference Feature Index (GDFI), computed using wavelets such as Daubechies wavelets, is employed in a method to automatically generate a large sequence of generalized band ratio images. In select embodiments of the present invention, judicious data mining of the large set of GDFI bands produces a small subset of GDFI bands suitable to identify specific Terrain Category/Classification (TERCAT) features. Other wavelets, such as Vaidyanathan, Coiflet, Beylkin, and Symmlet and the like may be employed in select embodiments. The classification and feature extraction (identification) performance of the band ratio method of the present invention is comparable to that obtained with the same or similar data sets using much more sophisticated methods such as discriminants, neural net classification, endmember Gibbs-based partitioning, and genetic algorithms.

Abstract: A discharge valve for toilet tanks comprising a flexible ringed hose held by a couple covering a center hole of the toilet tank and a handle connecting to a wire wrapping around an upper part of the flexible ringed hose. The wire connected to the handle bends and submerge the flexible ringed hose into the liquid inside the toilet tank when the handle pulls the wire upwards thereby allowing liquid to enter the flexible ringed hose to flush the toilet bowl. The liquid stops flowing to the toilet bowl when the flexible ringed hose goes back to its original vertical position when the pull on the wire is released and when the level of the liquid inside the tank is below the top opening of the flexible ringed hose.

Abstract: A wavelet-based band difference-sum ratio method reduces the computation cost of classification and feature extraction (identification) tasks. A Generalized Difference Feature Index (GDFI), computed using wavelets such as Daubechies wavelets, is employed in a method to automatically generate a large sequence of generalized band ratio images. In select embodiments of the present invention, judicious data mining of the large set of GDFI bands produces a small subset of GDFI bands suitable to identify specific Terrain Category/Classification (TERCAT) features. Other wavelets, such as Vaidyanathan, Coiflet, Beylkin, and Symmlet and the like may be employed in select embodiments. The classification and feature extraction (identification) performance of the band ratio method of the present invention is comparable to that obtained with the same or similar data sets using much more sophisticated methods such as discriminants, neural net classification, endmember Gibbs-based partitioning, and genetic algorithms.

Abstract: A system, and method of its use, provides for detecting patterns that exist within a geographic area due to the presence of an orderly array of objects. In a preferred embodiment, the system uses an irregular array of transceivers to illuminate an area suspected of containing a minefield. Typically, these minefields are arranged in an orderly arrangement. Exploiting the Bragg Effect, the transceivers, each configured as a surface wave radar, illuminate an area with RF energy that is scanned in carrier frequency within the HF band (3–30 MHz) at a pre-specified interval. At the frequency that corresponds to the Bragg Effect, a significantly increased signal level occurs that indicates the presence of a pattern such as one might expect from reflections from numerous objects arranged orderly. By processing these returns judiciously, the minefield's size, location, perimeter, and even the location of individual mines may be determined.

Abstract: A procedure generates deconvolution algorithms by first solving a general convolution integral exactly. Results are transformed, yielding a linear relationship between actual (undistorted) and captured (distorted) data. Hermite functions and the Fourier-Hermite series represent the two data classes. It circumvents the need for solving incompatible systems of linear equations derived from “numerically discretizing” convolution integrals, i.e., the convolution integral is not evaluated. It is executed by exploiting a mathematical coincidence that the most common Point Spread Function (PSF) used to characterize a device is a Gaussian function that is also a Fourier-Hermite function of zero order. By expanding the undistorted data in a Fourier-Hermite series, the convolution integral becomes analytically integrable.

Abstract: A system, and method of its use, provides for detecting patterns that exist within a geographic area due to the presence of an orderly array of objects. In a preferred embodiment, the system uses an irregular array of transceivers to illuminate an area suspected of containing a minefield. Typically, these minefields are arranged in an orderly arrangement. Exploiting the Bragg Effect, the transceivers, each configured as a surface wave radar, illuminate an area with RF energy that is scanned in carrier frequency within the HF band (3-30 MHz) at a pre-specified interval. At the frequency that corresponds to the Bragg Effect, a significantly increased signal level occurs that indicates the presence of a pattern such as one might expect from reflections from numerous objects arranged orderly. By processing these returns judiciously, the minefield's size, location, perimeter, and even the location of individual mines may be determined.

Abstract: Hydromagnetic Toilet Valve, constituted by a body, a magnet cluster, an assembly consisting of shaft with a closing gasket and a floater to open and close the valve; it uses three forces: magnetic, exerted by the floater with the tank's water level and the force of the exterior line pressure; we achieve a closure that does not permit water in or out, when the closing is done, it immediately turns into an anti-syphoon valve because it does not allow the liquid in the deposit to be dragged out by gravity in absence of water on the line. Upon finding vacuum the deposit indicates that water was used for a normal bowl discharge or because the liquid leaked by the drain pipe because of anomalies in the discharge system, this valve will supply only what's necessary to fill the toilet bowl and tank to do a required flush, this valve won't supply water if the knob is not actuated to open the valve, or the lever to perform the same function.