Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for printing microlayers and multilayered nanostructures obtained by chaotic flows comprising the following steps: i) feeding a static mixer with at least two inks; ii) promoting the inks to flow through the static mixer to create chaotic flows; iii) promoting the solidification of the inks at the outlet of the static mixer to obtain a laminar structure and; iv) printing the inks by extrusion. The present invention also refers to a chaotic printer for microlayers and multilayered nanostructures obtained by chaotic flows comprising: a) a pump; b) a static mixing module and; c) at least one printhead, which allows the extrusion of inks with internal nanostructures.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the preparation of perfusable scaffolds for cell culture. These methods can comprise providing a bioink composition and a fugitive ink composition; chaotic printing the bioink composition and the fugitive ink composition to generate a microstructured precursor comprising a plurality of lamellar structures formed from the bioink composition; curing the bioink composition to form a cured scaffold precursor; and removing the fugitive ink from the cured scaffold precursor, thereby forming the perfusable scaffold. Also provided are scaffolds prepared by these methods as well as modular bioreactors incorporating these scaffolds.