Abstract: This invention relates to synergistic surfactant compositions based on water insoluble amphoteric fluorochemical surfactants and water soluble anionic hydrocarbon or fluorochemical surfactants of the sulfate or sulfonate type and aqueous film forming foam agents derived from such synergistic surfactant compositions and a method to treat the aqueous waste stream generated by such aqueous film forming foam agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to perfluoroalkyl group terminated urethanes, thiourethanes and ureas of the general formula(R--X--CONH).sub.m Awhere m is 1, 2 or 3, R is R.sub.f --E and optionally R.sub.1 with the proviso that at least one R is R.sub.f --E, R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group, R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon group, E is a divalent linking group, X is --O--, --S--, --NR.sub.2 -- and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl and A is R.sub.f E or R.sub.1 if m is 1 and a divalent or trivalent linking group if m is 2 or 3 respectively. Compounds of this general formula are useful as solid lubricants or as additives for waxes and resins providing lubricating properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to perfluoroalkyl group terminated urethanes, thiourethanes and ureas of the general formula(R--X--CONH).sub.m Awhere m is 1, 2 or 3, R is R.sub.f -E and optionally R.sub.1 with the proviso that at least one R is R.sub.f -E, R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group, R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon group, E is a divalent linking group, X is --O--, --S--, --NR.sub.2 -- and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl and A is R.sub.f E or R.sub.1 if m is 1 and a divalent or trivalent linking group if m is 2 or 3 respectively.Compounds of this general formula are useful as solid lubricants or as additives for waxes and resins providing lubricating properties.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl substituted neopentyl alcohols can be reacted with substituted hydroxphenylalkanoic esters to form perfluoroalkyl containing hydroxyphenylalkanoic ester antioxidants. The perfluoroalkyl substituted hindered hydroxyphenyl alkanoates are stablizers which confer superior processing stability to polymers processed at elevated temperatures such as polypropylene, as well as protecting said polymers from thermal and oxidative degradation.

Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic-thio,-sulfinyl and -sulfonyl substituted bicycloaliphatic amic acid amine salts of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl, R' is alkylene optionally interrupted by --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## where R.sub.a is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is lower alkylene or --O--, n is 0-2, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, represent morpholino, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, or hydroxy lower alkyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, carboxy lower alkyl, sulfo lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, benzyl or together with R.sub.5 and the nitrogen to which they are attached represent morpholino, and R is hydrogen or methyl are provided. These salts applied in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions or emulsions are useful in rendering cellulosic and natural and synthetic polyamide materials oil and water repellent.

Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic-thio,-sulfinyl and -sulfonyl substituted bicycloaliphatic amic acid amine salts of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl, R' is alkylene optionally interrupted by --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## where R.sub.a is hydrogen or alkyl, Y is lower alkylene or --O--, n is 0-2, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl or together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, represented morpholino, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, or hydroxy lower alkyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, carboxy lower alkyl, sulfo lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, benzyl or together with R.sub.5 and the nitrogen to which they are attached represent morpholino, and R is hydrogen or methyl are provided. These salts applied in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions or emulsions are useful in rendering cellulosic and natural and synthetic polyamide materials oil and water repellent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel oligomers of the formula R.sub.f --E--S--M.sub.1 ].sub.x [M.sub.2 ].sub.y H, and mixutes thereof, wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group, E is a linkage group, --M.sub.1 -- represents a hydrophilic monomer unit, --M.sub.2 -- represents a hydrophobic monomer unit, x and y represent the number of monomer units present in the novel oligomers. The sum of x and y is between 4 and 500 and x/(x+y) is between 1 and 0.5. The novel oligomers are useful as additives in protein foam type fire fighting compositions improving foam expansion, foam drainage and extinguishing times and reducing flammability of hydrocarbon contaminated protein foams. The novel oligomers are further useful as surface tension depressants providing improved wetting, spreading and leveling properties in aqueous systems.

Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous based fire fighting foams containing a stabilizing amount of an oligomer of the formulaR.sub.1 --E--S(O).sub.n [M.sub.1 ].sub.x [M.sub.2 ].sub.y [M.sub.3 ].sub.z Hwherein R.sub.1 is an oleophilic aryl, araliphatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group having up to 25 carbon atoms; E is a direct bond, or an organic covalently bonded divalent linking group, n is 0, 1 or 2, [M.sub.1 ] is a hydrophilic acrylamido monomer unit, [M.sub.2 ] is a copolymerizable non-acrylamido hydrophilic monomer unit, [M.sub.3 ] is a copolymerizable hydrophobic monomer unit, the average of the sum of x, y and z is between about 3 and about 500, and x/x+y+z is between 1 and about 0.5. These stabilizing oligomer additives in aqueous based fire fighting foams improve foam expansion, foam drainage and fire extinguishing times.

Abstract: A system for the controlled release of air treating material comprising a hydrophilic membrane secured to a reservoir containing an active ingredient in aqueous medium, the membrane serving as the means for releasing the active ingredient to the atmosphere and for controlling the rate of release.

Abstract: Polymeric thiosynergists, such as poly[2-(alkylthio)ethyl methacrylate], are stabilizers for organic materials subject to oxidative, thermal and/or light induced deterioration. These polymeric synergists are made by normal free radical polymerization of the corresponding (alkylthio)alkyl polymerizable esters. The esters are prepared by conventional esterification procedures. These compounds are used in conjunction with phenolic antioxidants to stabilize organic materials, particularly polyolefins and hydrocarbon compositions, against the deleterious effects of heat and oxygen.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel acrylates, methacrylates, fumarates, maleates, citraconates, mesaconates, itaconates, and aconitates of the following structure: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 are each C.sub.n H.sub.2.sbsb.n, where n is 1 to 12 and may be straight chain or branched;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.n H.sub.2.sbsb.n+1, where n is 1 to 12 and may be straight chain or branched;R.sup.4, r.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen, methyl, ##STR2## PROVIDED THAT AT LEAST ONE OF R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sub.f is C.sub.p F.sub.2p+1 or C.sub.p F.sub.2p+1 OC.sub.q F.sub.2q, where p is 3 to 18 (preferably 6 to 12), q is 2 to 8, and the perfluoroalkyl constituent may be branched or straight chain.Addition polymers made from the above unsaturated esters are particularly useful for treating fabrics to make the fabric oil and water repellent.

Abstract: A water-insoluble hydrophilic gel comprising (A) about 20 to about 90% by weight of a hydrophilic (a) polymer of identical or different water-soluble monoolefinic monomers, or (b) copolymer of said water-soluble monomers with 1 to 80% (of total monomers) of water-insoluble, identical or different monoolefinic monomers; which polymer or copolymer is cross-linked with (B) about 10 to about 80% by weight of a terminal polyolefinic siloxane macromer having a molecular weight from about 400 to about 8500.

Abstract: Monomeric esters of fumaric, maleic, citraconic, mesaconic, itaconic, aconitic, or methylene malonic acid and alcohols of the formula C.sub.m F2.sub.m+1 C.sub.n H2.sub.n OH and mercaptans of the formula C.sub.m F2.sub.m+1 C.sub.n H2.sub.n SH form homopolymers and form copolymers with other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers. The polymers obtained have valuable soil repellent properties and are especially useful in textile finishes. Preferred compounds are bis (1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorononyl) fumarate and bis (1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl) fumarate.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel acrylates, methacrylates, fumarates, maleates, citraconates, mesaconates, itaconates, and aconitates of the following structure: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 are each C.sub.n H.sub.2n, where n is 1 to 12 and may be straight chain or branched;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1, where n is 1 to 12 and may be straight chain or branched;R.sup.4, r.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen, methyl, ##STR2## PROVIDED THAT AT LEAST ONE OF R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.f is C.sub.p F.sub.2p+1 or C.sub.p F.sub.2p+1 OC.sub.q F.sub.2q, where p is 3 to 18 (preferably 6 to 12), q is 2 to 8, and the perfluoroalkyl constituent may be branched or straight chain.Addition polymers made from the above unsaturated esters are particularly useful for treating fabrics to make the fabric oil and water repellent.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl group containing alcohols are disclosed with utility as intermediates for the synthesis of oil and water repellent fluorochemicals. The alcohols are obtained by the addition of mercaptoalcohols to perfluoroalkyl group containing esters of fumaric, maleic, citraconic, mesaconic, itaconic, methylene malonic or aconitic acids.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##EQU1## WHEREIN X is oxygen or sulfur,a is an integer from 2 to 6,b is an integer from 3 to 40, andR is ##SPC1##WhereinR.sub.1 is an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, andX is an integer from 0 to 6Are useful as antioxidants for organic materials normally subject to oxidative deterioration, such as polyacetals, polypropylene, and nylon, in amounts of from about 0.005 to about 5% by weight of the composition.