Abstract: Methods and apparatus for implementing fork operations on UNIX or UNIX-emulating operating systems, particularly in multi-user environments reduce the copy time, the number of page faults and, consequently the input-output ("I/O") operations between the central processing unit, main memory and auxilliary memory. In one aspect of the invention, fork operations are executed by redefining those pages of the parent process image resident in main memory as pages of a child process image and modifying the page maps accordingly. Page faults are thereby eliminated for pages located in auxiliary memory. Additional improvements in performance are obtained by monitoring the level of main memory utilization and selecting optical procedures based on the amount of excess capacity in main memory.