Abstract: A shape-morphing fin includes a fixed portion, a multistable portion, a coupling portion, and a vibration source. The multistable portion functions as a negative stiffness element. The multistable portion is selectively movable between a first position and a second position. The movement between first position and the second position is configured to remove the ice formation from the structure. The coupling portion couples the fixed portion to the multistable portion. The vibration source is configured to produce a resonant vibration to engage the movement of the multistable portion from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: An optical apparatus and a lithographic apparatus including the optical apparatus. The optical apparatus includes a substrate having an aperture for passing light; a transmissive optical element covering the aperture of the substrate; and an optical contact bond between the substrate and transmissive optical element, the optical contact bond being spaced from the aperture a sufficient distance such that stress forces in the transmissive optical element from the optical contact bond to the aperture are below an acceptable stress threshold. The optical contact bond geometry herein, for example, minimizes a contact area and provides a quasi-kinematic (near-exactly constrained) interface between the substrate and the optical element.

Abstract: A wearable ECG device includes a band having a first and a second ECG electrode, the first and the second ECG electrodes electrically connected as a common electrode. A device body is removably coupled to the band, and has a face and a display on a first side thereof, and a third ECG electrode on an opposite face thereof. A clasp is coupled to the band to secure the device around a wrist of a user, the clasp having a fourth ECG electrode, the fourth ECG electrode insulated from the band.

Abstract: Example implementations may relate to methods and systems to prevent damage in robots. In particular, a robotic system may include a particular component that is moveable along one or more degrees of freedom (DOFs) each providing a respective range of motion (ROM) of the particular component. This robotic system may detect movement of the particular component along a particular DOF and may responsively determine mechanical feedback characteristics that define, for each of one or more positions of the particular component along the respective ROM provided by the particular DOF, a force to be provided by at least one actuator coupled to the particular component. So during the movement, the robotic system may determine a particular position of the particular component along the respective ROM and, based on the particular position, the robotic system may direct an actuator to provide a force in accordance with the determined mechanical feedback characteristics.

Abstract: Fluid treatment apparatus having an alloy disk assembly comprised of a plurality of disks, each prepared from the metal elements copper, zinc, nickel, silver, and tin, which individually exhibit great propensity for reducing scale formation in flow conduits; particularly when combined together to form the fluid treatment alloy disk assembly of this disclosure. The disk assembly is housed within a suitable enclosure having passageways arranged to effect countercurrent flow through a series of apertured disks. The close proximity of the counterflowing streams within the alloy disk assembly provide unexpected advances in the art of fluid treatment.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological products to reduce the level of active biological contaminants such as viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds, mycoplasmas and parasites.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for sterilizing biological materials to reduce the level of one or more biological contaminants or pathogens therein, such as viruses, bacteria (including inter- and intracellular bacteria, such as mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, nanobacteria, chlamydia, rickettsias), yeasts, molds, fungi, single or multicellular parasites, and/or prions or similar agents responsible, alone or in combination, for TSEs.

Abstract: A carton-type container has a lid which is snapped into place on top of a paperboard outer shell having a sift-proof inner liner. The lid is provided with a re-closable pour opening through which the product contained within the container can be repeatedly dispensed therefrom.

Abstract: A total fluid power system for an engine powered vehicle includes an engine driven, variable displacement pump, a pair of variable displacement wheel motors and auxiliary functions. Transducers sense engine speed, pump output pressure and motor speeds to supply signals to pump and motor controls which process the signals with operator input signals to maintain pump and motor displacements for optimum engine power usage and desired vehicle performance.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic system for controlling a hydraulic function includes a pump and reservoir connected to the function through an electro-hydraulic control valve, a pair of pilot operated check valves normally preventing fluid flow from the function, a pilot passage between the pump and check valves to pressurize and open the check valves, an electro-hydraulic drain valve connected to the pilot passage, and control means for the control and drain valves. The control means is responsive to a feedback signal from the hydraulic function and an operator-controlled input signal within a predetermined range to close and open the drain and control valves, respectively. The control means may further require the presence of a second input signal, such as a simple reference signal or a signal provided in response to operation of an additional function, before operating the control and drain valves.