Abstract: The invention relates to antibody reagents that specifically bind to peptides carrying a ubiquitin remnant from a digested or chemically treated biological sample. The reagents allow the technician to identify ubiquitinated polypeptides as well as the sites of ubiquitination on them. The reagents are preferably employed in proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. The antibody reagents specifically bind to the remnant of ubiquitin (i.e., a diglycine modified epsilon amine of lysine) left on a peptide which as been generated by digesting or chemically treating ubiquitinated proteins. The inventive antibody reagents' affinity to the ubiquitin remnant does not depend on the remaining amino acid sequences flanking the modified (i.e., ubiquitinated) lysine, i.e., they are context independent.

Abstract: The invention relates to antibody reagents that specifically bind to peptides carrying a ubiquitin remnant from a digested or chemically treated biological sample. The reagents allow the technician to identify ubiquitinated polypeptides as well as the sites of ubiquitination on them. The reagents are preferably employed in proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. The antibody reagents specifically bind to the remnant of ubiquitin (i.e., a diglycine modified epsilon amine of lysine) left on a peptide which as been generated by digesting or chemically treating ubiquitinated proteins. The inventive antibody reagents' affinity to the ubiquitin remnant does not depend on the remaining amino acid sequences flanking the modified (i.e., ubiquitinated) lysine, i.e., they are context independent.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the invention relates to methods for creating a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to antigen. The method may start from a polyclonal population of antibodies such as a non-specific polyclonal population or a polyclonal population of antibodies that specifically bind to the antigen. The method includes obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding heavy and light immunoglobulin chains (or variable regions thereof) of multiple immunoglobulins from an animal; obtaining mass spectra information of peptide fragments of a population of polyclonal immunoglobulins that specifically bind to an antigen of choice; comparing and/or correlating the mass spectra information of the peptide fragments of the polyclonal immunoglobulins with predicted mass spectra information of predicted amino acid sequences encoded by the nucleic acid molecules, and then assembling the heavy and light chains to create an antibody (or variable region thereof) that specifically binds to the antigen.

Abstract: There is provided a motif-specific, context-independent antibody that specifically binds a recurring, modified motif consisting of (i) at least one sumoylated lysine residue, and (ii) one or more degenerate amino acids bound by a peptide bond to said sumoylated lysine residue, said antibody specifically binding said motif in a plurality of non-homologous peptides or proteins within an organism in which it recurs. Also provided is a motif-specific, context-independent antibody that specifically binds a recurring, modified motif consisting of (i) a C-terminal aspartic acid residue, and (ii) one or more degenerate amino acids bound by a peptide bond to said C-terminal aspartic acid residue, said antibody specifically binding said motif in a plurality of non-homologous peptides or proteins within an organism in which it recurs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the presence of at least one distinct polypeptide in a biological sample comprising contacting the biological sample with a hydrolyzing agent, wherein the hydrolyzing agent is capable of hydrolyzing the distinct polypeptide in a sequence-specific manner such that at least one distinct peptide having a predetermined peptide measured accurate mass would result if the at least one distinct polypeptide were present in the biological sample, to obtain a hydrolyzed sample; bringing the hydrolyzed sample in contact with a substrate comprising at least one immobilized binding partner, wherein the at least one immobilized binding partner is capable of specifically binding the distinct peptide; removing the hydrolyzed sample from the substrate in a manner such that the distinct peptide would remain bound to the immobilized binding partner; contacting the substrate with an elution solution, wherein the distinct peptide would dissociate from the immobilized binding partne

Abstract: The invention relates to antibody reagents that specifically bind to peptides carrying a ubiquitin remnant from a digested or chemically treated biological sample. The reagents allow the technician to identify ubiquitinated polypeptides as well as the sites of ubiquitination on them. The reagents are preferably employed in proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry. The antibody reagents specifically bind to the remnant of ubiquitin (i.e., a diglycine modified epsilon amine of lysine) left on a peptide which as been generated by digesting or chemically treating ubiquitinated proteins. The inventive antibody reagents' affinity to the ubiquitin remnant does not depend on the remaining amino acid sequences flanking the modified (i.e., ubiquitinated) lysine, i.e., they are context independent.

Abstract: The invention discloses 94 novel phosphorylation sites identified in carcinoma and leukemia, peptides (including AQUA peptides) comprising a phosphorylation site of the invention, antibodies that specifically bind to a novel phosphorylation site of the invention, and diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the above.

Abstract: The invention discloses 95 novel phosphorylation sites identified in signal transduction proteins and pathways downstream of the T-cell receptor, and provides phosphorylation-site specific antibodies and heavy-isotope labeled peptides (AQUA peptides) for the selective detection and quantification of these phosphorylated sites/proteins, as well as methods of using the reagents for such purpose.

Abstract: The invention discloses 990 novel phosphorylation sites identified in carcinoma and leukemia, peptides (including AQUA peptides) comprising a phosphorylation site of the invention, antibodies specifically bind to a novel phosphorylation site of the invention, and diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the above.

Abstract: The invention discloses 461 novel phosphorylation sites identified in basophilic Ser/Thr kinase signaling pathways, peptides (including AQUA peptides) comprising a phosphorylation site of the invention, antibodies specifically bind to a novel phosphorylation site of the invention, and diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the above.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for removing contaminants from a belt in a printer. A blade is provided that contacts with the belt surface to form a nip where the belt is configured to either receive an image for transfer to a sheet of media or transport media within the printer for receipt of toner images. The blade surface is coated with a fluoropolymer resin in combination with a polymeric binder. The coated blade/belt provides a reduced coefficient of friction at the nip to reduce belt stall and/or belt flipping, which may lock the blade to the belt and prevent further printer operation. The coated blade/belt herein is particularly useful when applied to printing operations that utilize chemically processed toner.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device having an arm and a sensor that can differentiate two events. The arm is pivotally mounted to move in different directions upon the occurrence of different events. A section of the arm includes a trigger section having an unequal distribution of a sensed characteristic. A first event moves the arm in a first direction that is sensed by the sensor in a first manner. A second event moves the arm in a second direction that is sensed by the sensor in a second manner. The sensor signals a controller that oversees the image forming process. Methods of operating the arm and sensor are disclosed for detecting the two separate events, and signaling the controller accordingly.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising an accumulator drum for receiving toner images from a plurality of imaging units and transferring the toner images to a receiving media. The basic components of the image forming apparatus comprise an accumulator drum having a plurality of imaging units with photoconductive drums positioned about the accumulator drum, and a laser assembly. In one embodiment, a laser emits light beams for forming a latent image on each of the photoconductive drums with each light beam having a different external optical path length. In one embodiment, a drive mechanism operatively connected to the imaging units drives the accumulator drum. In one embodiment, the imaging units are positioned about the accumulator drum is a specific angular placement. In one embodiment, the imaging units are at least partially positioned within the interior of the accumulator drum.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising an accumulator drum for receiving toner images from a plurality of imaging units and transferring the toner images to a receiving media. The basic components of the image forming apparatus comprise an accumulator drum having a plurality of imaging units with photoconductive drums positioned about the accumulator drum, and a laser assembly. In one embodiment, a laser emits light beams for forming a latent image on each of the photoconductive drums with each light beam having a different external optical path length. In one embodiment, a drive mechanism operatively connected to the imaging units drives the accumulator drum. In one embodiment, the imaging units are positioned about the accumulator drum is a specific angular placement. In one embodiment, the imaging units are at least partially positioned within the interior of the accumulator drum.

Abstract: An integrated fuser unit has a drive system with a motor and a drive train mounted in the fuser unit frame. A swing arm assembly engages and disengages the hot roll from the drive train.

Abstract: An arm that directs media sheets along multiple paper paths of an image forming device. The arm is mounted to pivot when contacted by the media sheet to direct the sheets along the proper media paths, and divert the sheets from entering the improper media paths. A sensor positioned adjacent to the arm senses movement of the arm to determine the location and timing of the media sheets as they move along the paper paths. Sensor is operatively connected to a controller which tracks the movement of the media sheets through the image forming apparatus. The arm may further be positioned to determine the orientation of an internal part. The arm moves between first and second orientations depending upon the position of the internal part. The position of the arm is again determined by the sensor. The invention further includes methods of moving the position of the arm to determine the location of the media sheets and/or the orientation of the internal part.

Abstract: A fuser for fusing an image to print media in a color electrophotographic printer. The fuser includes an endless idling belt defining an inner loop, and a ceramic heater positioned in contact with the belt, within the inner loop. A pressure roller defines a nip with the belt. The belt includes a compliant layer for conforming to variations in toner pile height. The heater is configured to provide a cooler nip exit and a hotter nip entrance.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device having an arm and a sensor that can differentiate two events. The arm is pivotally mounted to move in different directions upon the occurrence of different events. A section of the arm includes a trigger section having an unequal distribution of a sensed characteristic. A first event moves the arm in a first direction that is sensed by the sensor in a first manner. A second event moves the arm in a second direction that is sensed by the sensor in a second manner. The sensor signals a controller that oversees the image forming process. Methods of operating the arm and sensor are disclosed for detecting the two separate events, and signaling the controller accordingly.

Abstract: An arm that directs media sheets along multiple paper paths of an image forming device. The arm is mounted to pivot when contacted by the media sheet to direct the sheets along the proper media paths, and divert the sheets from entering the improper media paths. A sensor positioned adjacent to the arm senses movement of the arm to determine the location and timing of the media sheets as they move along the paper paths. Sensor is operatively connected to a controller which tracks the movement of the media sheets through the image forming apparatus. The arm may further be positioned to determine the orientation of an internal part. The arm moves between first and second orientations depending upon the position of the internal part. The position of the arm is again determined by the sensor. The invention further includes methods of moving the position of the arm to determine the location of the media sheets and/or the orientation of the internal part.

Abstract: A fuser for fusing an image to print media in a color electrophotographic printer. The fuser includes an endless idling belt defining an inner loop, and a ceramic heater positioned in contact with the belt, within the inner loop. A pressure roller defines a nip with the belt. The belt includes a compliant layer for conforming to variations in toner pile height. The heater is configured to provide a cooler nip exit and a hotter nip entrance.