Abstract: A dispense head is removably joined to a bottle, such as a wine bottle, by having a hollow cylinder extend into the bottle and on one end sealed to a neck of the bottle with gasket means for sealing the bottle in a gas tight manner and supporting the bottle, allowing the bottle to hang from the dispense head. In one embodiment a set of annular gaskets of different diameters may be provided for bottles of different neck sizes.

Abstract: A system for producing superior quality synthesis gas (“syngas”) consisting of a series of chambers in which the gasification stages of reaction, homogenization and activation occur. The first stage reaction stage agitates and combines the reactants, consisting primarily of organic matter, oxidizer and steam, to initiate gasification of the organic and volatile fraction and to transport the inorganic residue to continuous removal. In the homogenization chamber, turbulence is induced by injecting gaseous species. The gas mixture emerging from the homogenization chamber is accelerated via a third stage communicating duct and is introduced tangentially into the fourth stage activation chamber inducing a cyclonic motion wherein a high intensity radiant heat source is introduced along the central axis of the gas vortex.

Abstract: A fluid dispense head is removably joined to a bottle, such as a wine bottle, or similar container, by having a hollow cylinder extend into the bottle and on one end sealed to a neck of the bottle with an annular gasket and on an opposite end joined to the dispense head. A nut on opposite end of the hollow cylinder limits entry of the cylinder into the bottle. When the nut is turned relative to the cylinder, the gasket seal is broken and the dispense head can be removed from the bottle. A set of annular gaskets of different diameters may be provided for bottles of different neck sizes.

Abstract: A system and method for wine blending using a wine dispensing system of the type that has a pour spout. Wine is dispensed through each of a plurality of pour spouts from a each of a plurality of component wine sources, such as bottles or kegs of wine. From each dispense head the wine flows into a hose joined to a mixing manifold. The mixed wine then flows to an air excluded container, from which it may then be bottled. A user specifies a recipe, which dictates the proportion of each component wine in a blend.

Abstract: A fluid dispense head is removably joined to a bottle, such as a wine bottle, or similar container, by having a hollow cylinder extend into the bottle and on one end sealed to a neck of the bottle with an annular gasket and on an opposite end joined to the dispense head. A nut on opposite end of the hollow cylinder limits entry of the cylinder into the bottle. When the nut is turned relative to the cylinder, the gasket seal is broken and the dispense head can be removed from the bottle. A set of annular gaskets of different diameters may be provided for bottles of different neck sizes.

Abstract: A fluid dispense head is removably joined to a bottle, such as a wine bottle, or similar container, by having a hollow cylinder extend into the bottle and on one end sealed to a neck of the bottle with an annular gasket and on an opposite end joined to the dispense head. A nut on opposite end of the hollow cylinder limits entry of the cylinder into the bottle. When the nut is turned relative to the cylinder, the gasket seal is broken and the dispense head can be removed from the bottle. A set of annular gaskets of different diameters may be provided for bottles of different neck sizes.

Abstract: A system for producing superior quality synthesis gas (“syngas”) consisting of a series of chambers in which the gasification stages of reaction, homogenization and activation occur. The first stage reaction stage agitates and combines the reactants, consisting primarily of organic matter, oxidizer and steam, to initiate gasification of the organic and volatile fraction and to transport the inorganic residue to continuous removal. In the homogenization chamber, turbulence is induced by injecting gaseous species. The gas mixture emerging from the homogenization chamber is accelerated via a third stage communicating duct and is introduced tangentially into the fourth stage activation chamber inducing a cyclonic motion wherein a high intensity radiant heat source is introduced along the central axis of the gas vortex.

Abstract: A system for producing superior quality synthesis gas (“syngas”) consisting of a series of chambers in which the gasification stages of reaction, homogenization and activation occur. The first stage reaction stage agitates and combines the reactants, consisting primarily of organic matter, oxidizer and steam, to initiate gasification of the organic and volatile fraction and to transport the inorganic residue to continuous removal. In the homogenization chamber, turbulence is induced by injecting gaseous species. The gas mixture emerging from the homogenization chamber is accelerated via a third stage communicating duct and is introduced tangentially into the fourth stage activation chamber inducing a cyclonic motion wherein a high intensity radiant heat source is introduced along the central axis of the gas vortex.

Abstract: A system for producing superior quality synthesis gas (“syngas”) consisting of a series of chambers in which the gasification stages of reaction, homogenization and activation occur. The first stage reaction stage agitates and combines the reactants, consisting primarily of organic matter, oxidizer and steam, to initiate gasification of the organic and volatile fraction and to transport the inorganic residue to continuous removal. In the homogenization chamber, turbulence is induced by injecting gaseous species. The gas mixture emerging from the homogenization chamber is accelerated via a third stage communicating duct and is introduced tangentially into the fourth stage activation chamber inducing a cyclonic motion wherein a high intensity radiant heat source is introduced along the central axis of the gas vortex.

Abstract: A liquid dispensing device including a dispense head configured to be placed and secured onto a bottle of liquid in a manner which enables the liquid to be dispensed. The dispense head includes a stopper having gas inlets and a liquid intake tube. A gas intake and a dispense spout are also mounted on the dispense head. A valve assembly allows pressurized gas to be introduced into the dispense head and into the bottle of liquid such that selective channeling of gas or liquid can be controlled to flow through the dispense spout thus enabling either liquid to pour through the spout or gas to clear the spout. A system utilizing this dispense head and a method of dispensing liquid using this head are possible with this device.

Abstract: A liquid dispensing device including a dispense head configured to be placed and secured onto a bottle of liquid in a manner which enables the liquid to be dispensed. The dispense head includes a stopper having gas inlets and a liquid intake tube. A gas intake and a dispense spout are also mounted on the dispense head. A valve assembly allows pressurized gas to be introduced into the dispense head and into the bottle of liquid such that selective channeling of gas or liquid can be controlled to flow through the dispense spout thus enabling either liquid to pour through the spout or gas to clear the spout. A system utilizing this dispense head and a method of dispensing liquid using this head are possible with this device.

Abstract: One method of determining the signal to noise ratio of an optical signal models the noise floor based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) which is accumulated along the link. The ASE wavelength dependence is represented by a known mathematical function with a limited number of parameters. The parameters of this function are derived from measurements of the noise floor at a limited number of points by computational best fit means. A number of fiber grating filters at wavelengths between ITU allocated wavelengths are used to sample the optical noise and reflect the light back. An optical circulator is used to direct the reflected ASE light to an optical switch which allows the detector to select between transmitted and reflected light. The signal transmitted through the switch is monitored by a scanning filter with the appropriate resolution to resolve the signal or noise peaks. A first scan of the transmitted peaks is carried out and the signal is digitized and stored.

Abstract: A bidirectionally amplifying rare earth doped fiber optical amplifier having an equalized gain at multiple wavelengths is disclosed for use in dense wavelength multiplexed bidirectional fiber transmission applications. In a first embodiment, a four port circulator is utilized with two amplifying fibers; one for each direction of propagation and a multiplicity of gratings configured to equalize the gain at the different wavelengths. Different embodiments utilizing three port and four port circulators are utilized. A more general amplifier device with equal gain at multiple wavelengths is disclosed.