Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining ground stability measurements utilizing active sources are disclosed. In one example implementation, a distributed optical sensor detects strains along a length of a railway line. Here, for example, one or more trains provide active sources. The static strain before and after passage of the active source is utilized to determine ground stability. According to other aspects, measurements may be normalized based on characteristics of the active source.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining ground stability measurements utilising active sources. In an example a distributed optical sensor detects stains along a length of a railway line. One or more trains provide active sources. The static strain before and after passage of the active source is utilised to determine ground stability. Measurements may be normalised based on characteristics of the active source.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: Aspects of distributed ledger technology are leveraged to verify subrogation settlements. In particular, two parties to a subrogation claim provide cryptographic hashes to a subrogation demand smart contract stored at an address on a blockchain. The subrogation demand smart contract determines that the parties have reached an agreement by determining that the cryptographic hashes match. A settlement amount from the subrogation claim may be appended to a set of settlement amounts to determine a net settlement amount to facilitate a single payment between the parties on a periodic basis, such as daily, to alleviate the need for the parties to send or receive a payment for each individual settlement amount.

Abstract: An arrangement for monitoring a submarine reservoir includes a number of sensor units located in an array on the seabed, and an interrogator unit for obtaining data on the reservoir from the sensor units. The interrogator unit includes a transmitter unit for sending optical signals to the sensor array and a receiver unit for receiving modulated optical signals from the array. Optical radiation from an optical source is transmitted along an uplink optical fiber which is split in a number of positions to form the array. The receiver unit includes optical-to-electrical converters for converting the optical signals to electrical signals, a phase demodulator, a multiplexer, a signal processor, and recording unit. The interrogator unit is divided into a concentrator and an interrogator hub, where signals are transmitted between the interrogator hub and concentrator along a riser cable. This enables the interrogator to be moved between a platform and the seabed.

Abstract: Cross-domain security for data vault is described. At least one database is accessible from a plurality of network domains, each network domain having a domain security level. The at least one database includes at least one partitioned data table that includes at least two partitions. Each partition has a security level. Each partition is configured to store data records. Access control security is operable to provide, to a selected network domain, access to a selected data record in the at least one database based on a domain security level of the selected network domain and a security level of a selected partition storing the selected data record.

Abstract: Cross-domain security for data vault is described. At least one database is accessible from a plurality of network domains, each network domain having a domain security level. The at least one database includes at least one partitioned data table that includes at least two partitions. Each partition has a security level. Each partition is configured to store data records. Access control security is operable to provide, to a selected network domain, access to a selected data record in the at least one database based on a domain security level of the selected network domain and a security level of a selected partition storing the selected data record.

Abstract: A secure database appliance leverages database security in a consistent framework provides consistent, flexible, and adaptable security using mandatory access controls in addition to user and role based security for access control and accountability. A database system communicatively connected to a plurality of network domains, each network domain having a level of security, the database system comprises at least one database accessible from all of the plurality of network domains, the database comprising data, each unit of data having a level of security and access control security operable to provide access to a unit of data in the database to a network domain based on the level of security of the network domain and based on the level of security of the unit of data.

Abstract: An arrangement for monitoring a submarine reservoir comprises a number of sensor units located in an array (1) on the seabed, and an interrogator unit for obtaining data on the reservoir from the sensor units. The interrogator unit comprises a transmitter unit (20) for sending optical signals to the sensor array and a receiver unit for receiving modulated optical signals from the array. Optical radiation from an optical source (22) is transmitted along an uplink optical fibre which is split in a number of positions 36, 38 to form the array. The receiver unit comprises optical-to-electrical converters (54) for converting the optical signals to electrical signals, a phase demodulator (58), a multiplexer (60) for multiplexing signals from the phase demodulator, a signal processor (68) and recording unit (70).

Abstract: An optical sensing system, comprising a plurality of optical sensors (206 . . . 209), first (203 . . . 205) and second (215, 216) input trees, and first (210 . . . 212) and second (219, 220) output trees. The first and second input trees are configured to direct respective optical signals from a first (202) and a second (214) input to each of the sensors, and the first and second output trees are configured to direct optical signals from each of the sensors (206 . . . 209) to a first (213) and a second (221) optical output. The first and second input and/or output trees are configured to direct signals of particular wavelengths (A1 . . . D-1, A2 . . . D2) from particular sensors to the first and second input and/or output, respectively. A redundant connection system thus provided allows continued operation in the event of a fibre or cable break (300).

Abstract: There is described a method and apparatus for processing light pulses returned from an optical sensor, wherein the light pulses are applied to two interferometer arrangements, a first interferometer arranged simply to superimpose two pulses and detect a first resulting value, and the other interferometer being arranged to apply a relative phase shift of about ?/2 before super-imposing the two pulses to detect a second resulting value. The relative phase shift is applied by shifting the phase of one or both of the pulses. The first and second resulting values are divided to give a third value, representative of the sensor state. A seismic sensor array using such an apparatus to process returning pulses is also described.

Abstract: A secure database appliance leverages database security in a consistent framework provides consistent, flexible, and adaptable security using mandatory access controls in addition to user and role based security for access control and accountability. A database system comprises a plurality of datasets, each dataset including a plurality of data, and a plurality of database objects, each object having a security label comprising a security classification of the object, at least one database session, the database session having a security label indicating a security classification of the database session, wherein, the database system is operable to allow or deny access to data to a database session based on a security label of a database object and on a security label of the database session.

Abstract: A secure database appliance leverages database security in a consistent framework provides consistent, flexible, and adaptable security using mandatory access controls in addition to user and role based security for access control and accountability. A database system comprises a plurality of database objects, each database object having a level of security, a plurality of factors, each factor representing a characteristic of a user of the database system, at least one database session of the user in the database, the database session having a level of security, the user connected to the database with a network domain, each network domain having a level of security, wherein the database system is operable to grant or deny access to the data to a user based on the factors associated with the user, based on the level of security of the data, based on the level of security of the database session, and based on the level of security of the network domain.

Abstract: A secure database appliance leverages database security in a consistent framework providing consistent, flexible, and adaptable security using mandatory access controls in addition to user and role based security for access control and accountability. A database system comprises a plurality of database objects, each database object having a level of security, a plurality of factors, each factor representing a characteristic of a user of the database system, at least one database session of the user in the database, the database session having a level of security, the user connected to the database with a network domain, each network domain having a level of security, wherein the database system is operable to grant or deny access to the data to a user based on the factors associated with the user, based on the level of security of the data, based on the level of security of the database session, and based on the level of security of the network domain.

Abstract: A secure database appliance leverages database security in a consistent framework provides consistent, flexible, and adaptable security using mandatory access controls in addition to user and role based security for access control and accountability. A database system comprises database objects having a level of security, factors representing a characteristic of a user of the database system, rules defining a limitation on operation of the database system by the user based on at least some of the plurality of factors and based on attributes of data to be operated on, including the level of security of the database object, and a plurality of realms defining a privilege of the user relative to a schema, the database system is operable to grant or deny access to data to a user based on the factors, the rules satisfied by the factors and the attributes of the data, and the realm associated with the user.