Abstract: A system and method for continuously producing and maintaining a predetermined proportionate mixture of two fluids, such as water and foam concentrate, in accordance with conductivity measurements of the fluids and the mixture. A set point is established which is representative of the conductivity of the predetermined proportionate mixture, by way of continuously measuring the conductivity of each fluid and feeding data to a microprocessor which calculates the conductivity of the desired proportionate mixture. The conductivity of the mixture is measured and compared with the set point by conductivity probes and a microprocessor. A control valve is continuously adjusted to maintain the predetermined proportionate mixture in response to control signals from the microprocessor in accordance with the comparisons of the conductivity values.

Abstract: A system and method for producing and maintaining a predetermined proportionate mixture of two fluids, such as water and foam concentrate, in accordance with conductivity measurements of the fluids. A set point is established which is representative of the conductivity of the predetermined proportionate mixture. The conductivity of the mixture is measured and compared with the set point by conductivity probes and a microprocessor. A control valve is continuously adjusted to maintain the predetermined proportionate mixture in response to control signals from the microprocessor in accordance with the comparisons of the conductivity values.

Abstract: AFFF and ARAFFF firefighting foam concentrates which include alkyl polyglycoside surfactants are provided. These surfactants enhance the performance of the perfluoroalkyl surfactants.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for covering substrates such as landfills, sewage, contaminated soil, sludge deposits, compost piles and the like. A protein based solution, preferably mixed from a foam concentrate, is mixed with air in a foam production nozzle and then spread to an approximately uniform thickness over the surface of the substrate.In an alternative embodiment the present invention also relates to a method for providing a foam covering to substrates such as buildings and other natural and artificial structures to protect such substrates from adverse environmental conditions such as polluted air or water, insects, extreme hot and cold temperatures and toxic vapors or substances.

Abstract: AFFF and ARAFFF firefighting foam concentrates which include alkyl polyglycoside surfactants. These surfactants enhance the performance of the perfluoroalkyl surfactants.

Abstract: Water-resistant articles such as automobile surfaces are protected against soiling from asphalt undercoating, paint overspray and the like, by applying a pre-coat film of polymer that is readily flushed off with water after the soiling exposure is terminated. Pre-coat is preferably applied from aqueous dispersion and has sufficient levelling agent content to keep it from separating into droplets when applied on a heavily waxed surface. Fluorinated surfactants, by themselves or mixed with silicone surfactants, are effective levelling agents. Alginate and half-acid half-amide 3-dimethylaminopropylamine-reacted ethylene-maleic anhydride polymers are very good film-formers, although others can be used. The film-formers are preferably heavily plasticized with glycerine or other water-soluble plasticizer.

Abstract: A foamable ink composition which comprises a water-based printing ink, a foaming agent and a pseudoplastic additive. The ink, foaming agent and pseudoplastic additive are foamed with a compressed gas. The pseudoplastic additive aids in the mixing of the ink with the gas and enhances the stability of the foam. The foam is especially adapted for application to a gravure cylinder where it is doctored to convert the foam bubbles into thin discrete membranes spanning the gravure cells. These membranes then are transferred, either directly or indirectly to a moving web.

Abstract: Fire-fighting foam effective against burning hydrophilic or polar liquids like lower alcohols, ketones, etc. is made from concentrate containing thixotropic thickener dissolved in large amount, up to 1.5% or more, yet has a tolerable viscosity so that it can be poured or pumped. Heteropolysaccharide-7 or chain-shortened modifications of it are particularly suitable for this purpose. Higher concentrations are made practical by including in the concentrate urea, thiourea, ammonium cyanate or ammonium thiocyanate, to reduce the concentrate's viscosity and keep the polysaccharide from separating out upon freezing. Magnesium salts can also be dissolved in concentrate to improve fire extinguishing action when diluted with fresh water.

Abstract: Water-resistant articles such as automobile surfaces are protected against soiling from asphalt undercoating, paint overspray and the like, by applying a pre-coat film of polymer that is readily flushed off with water after the soiling exposure is terminated. Pre-coat is preferably applied from aqueous dispersion and has sufficient levelling agent content to keep it from separating into droplets when applied on a heavily waxed surface. Fluorinated surfactants, by themselves or mixed with silicone surfactants, are effective levelling agents. Alginate and half-acid half-amide 3-dimethylaminopropylamine-reacted ethylene-maleic anhydride polymers are very good film-formers, although others can be used. The film-formers are preferably heavily plasticized with glycerine or other water-soluble plasticizer.