Abstract: A toner composition includes toner particles and additives disposed on an exterior surface of the toner particles, the additives include uncoated particles satisfying the equation: 14.428?1.793×density(g/cm3)?1,363,353×conductivity(ohm·cm?1)?6; surface-treated silica, surface-treated titania, and spacer particles, the toner composition is substantially free of a rare earth compound and the uncoated particles are present in a sufficient amount to reduce bias charge roller contamination.

Abstract: A toner composition includes toner particles and an additive disposed on exterior surfaces of the toner particles, the additive includes uncoated silicon carbide particles, the toner composition is substantially free of one or more rare earth compound and the uncoated silicon carbide particles are present in a sufficient amount to reduce bias charge roller contamination.

Abstract: A toner composition includes toner particles and an additive disposed on an exterior surface of the toner particles, the additive includes uncoated barium titanate particles, the toner composition is substantially free of one or more rare earth compounds and the uncoated barium titanate particles are present in a sufficient amount to reduce bias charge roller contamination.

Abstract: A toner composition includes toner particles and an additive disposed on an exterior surface of the toner particles, the additive includes uncoated zirconium oxide particles, the toner composition is substantially free of one or more rare earth compounds and the uncoated zirconium oxide particles are present in a sufficient amount to reduce bias charge roller contamination.

Abstract: A process including reacting at least one organic acid with at least one compound of the formula R—OH, in the presence of an optional catalyst, in a reaction mixture wherein the reaction mixture is substantially free of solvent, to form a reaction product, wherein the reaction product is an ester of citric acid or an ester of tartaric acid; optionally, heating the reaction mixture; and optionally, isolating the reaction product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technique for producing bichromal balls that are adapted for use in high temperature applications. The bichromal balls find particular application in signs and display devices that can be used in environments in which the temperature exceeds 40° C.

Abstract: Continuous and batch processes for selectively hydrogenating double and/or triple bonds in organic molecules include providing at least one organic molecule containing a double and/or triple bond, providing at least one hydrogen donor molecule, and hydrogenating the double and/or triple bond in the presence of at least one catalyst. Continuous and batch processes for preparing arylamine molecules include selectively hydrogenating double bonds in arylamine compounds by providing at least one organic molecule containing a multiple bond, providing at least one hydrogen donor molecule, and hydrogenating the multiple bond in the presence of at least one catalyst. The continuous and batch processes provide efficient, cost-effective and safe methods for conducting selective hydrogenation reactions in the synthesis of organic molecules, such as charge-transport molecules.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a transparent polymeric film including at least one cavity including a first particle species and a second particle species. Application of an electrical field causes the first particle species and the second particle species to separate from one another, and align on opposite sides of the cavity. Subsequent electric field applications cause migration of the first and second particle species, affecting a color state of the display. The electrophoretic display may be fabricated from multiple display cells arranged on a substrate.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the identification of expression signatures in ER+ breast cancer cases, where the signatures correlate with responsiveness, or lack thereof, to treatment with tamoxifen or another antiestrogen agent against breast cancer The signature profiles are identified based upon sampling of reference breast tissue samples from independent cases of breast cancer and provide a reliable set of molecular criteria for predicting the efficacy of treating a subject with breast cancer with tamoxifen or another antiestrogen agent against breast cancer. Additional methods and compositions are provided for predicting responsiveness to tamoxifen or another antiestrogen agent against breast cancer in cases of breast cancer by use of multiple biomarkers. Two biomarkers display increased expression correlated with tamoxifen response while two other biomarkers display decreased expression correlated with tamoxifen response.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification and use of sequences from expressed progesterone receptor transcripts in relation to breast cancer. In particular, the invention provides the identities of polynucleotide sequences that may be used to identify populations that are positive for estrogen receptor expression. The expressed polynucleotide sequences may be used in the study and/or diagnosis of cells and tissue in breast cancer as well as for the study and/or determination of prognosis of a patient.

Abstract: A process for forming toner particles includes aggregating the toner particles by adding an aggregating agent to a latex emulsion of resin having a colorant mixed therein, the adding being done under adding conditions of agitation and a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the resin, wherein the adding of the aggregating agent comprises first introducing at least about 40% by weight of a total amount of aggregating agent to be added at a rapid introduction rate and subsequently adding a remaining portion of the aggregating agent at a continuous addition rate slower than the rapid introduction rate. The particles are subsequently cooled to a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the resin when particles have been grown to the desired size.