Patents by Inventor Edward F. Leonard
Edward F. Leonard has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 8083706Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2009Date of Patent: December 27, 2011Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Patent number: 8021318Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2010Date of Patent: September 20, 2011Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Publication number: 20110105982Abstract: A membraneless separation device can be applied to a variety of treatments, such as the ultrafiltration of blood for a patient with end stage renal disease. An ultrafiltration device can include a membraneless separation device, which separates an incoming blood flow into a substantially cytoplasmic body-free plasma flow and remaining fraction, and a dialysate-free second stage, which selectively removes excess fluid, toxins and other substances from the plasma flow and returns the processed plasma to the membraneless separation device. A treatment protocol can include ultrafiltering blood of a patient using the ultrafiltration device and performing a secondary treatment on the blood of the patient at a reduced frequency compared to the ultrafiltering. The membraneless separation device can also be applied to treatment, analysis, and/or exchange of plasma from blood, or combined with conventional dialyzers to perform dialysis on a cytoplasmic body-free plasma fraction.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 4, 2009Publication date: May 5, 2011Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Ilan K. Reich, Stanley Cortell
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Publication number: 20110066097Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2010Publication date: March 17, 2011Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. LEONARD, Alan C. West, Christian P. Aucoin, Edgar E. Nanne
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Publication number: 20110062083Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2010Publication date: March 17, 2011Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. LEONARD, Alan C. West, Christian P. Aucoin, Edgar E. Nanne
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Publication number: 20110056884Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 9, 2010Publication date: March 10, 2011Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. LEONARD, Alan C. WEST, Nina C. SHAPLEY, Zhongliang TANG
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Publication number: 20110021966Abstract: A blood treatment device provides a photopheresis treatment using a microfluidic separation channel to separate blood components into layers The layering caused by laminar flow in the microfluidic separation channel allows light to be projected through plasma onto leukocytes without hindrance by erythrocytesType: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2008Publication date: January 27, 2011Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventor: Edward F. Leonard
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Patent number: 7850633Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2009Date of Patent: December 14, 2010Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Publication number: 20100198131Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 13, 2010Publication date: August 5, 2010Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: EDWARD F. LEONARD, Alan C. West, Christian P. Aucoin, Edgar E. Nanne
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Patent number: 7727399Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 2007Date of Patent: June 1, 2010Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Christian P. Aucoin, Edgar E. Nanne
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Publication number: 20100004578Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of small molecules, middle molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 7, 2009Publication date: January 7, 2010Applicant: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Publication number: 20090292234Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 24, 2009Publication date: November 26, 2009Inventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Siiapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Patent number: 7588550Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2007Date of Patent: September 15, 2009Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shaplely, Zhongliang Tang
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Publication number: 20090139931Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 22, 2007Publication date: June 4, 2009Applicant: THE TRUSTEES OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY IN THE CITY OF NEW YORKInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Christian P. Aucoin, Edgar E. Nanne
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Patent number: 6890755Abstract: To extract fetal cells from a sample of maternal blood or a fluid derived from maternal blood, sample liquid is moved over a collector surface bearing a ligand for the fetal cells. Chaotic advection in the liquid enhances the efficiency of cell collection.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1997Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New YorkInventors: Edward F. Leonard, Rene Chevray
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Publication number: 20040225249Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2004Publication date: November 11, 2004Inventors: Edward F. Leonard, Alan C. West, Nina C. Shapley, Zhongliang Tang
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Publication number: 20030040800Abstract: A prosthetic nucleus pulposus for replacing the natural nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc. The prosthetic nucleus proposus comprises a partially collapsed sealed envelope formed from a material which is permeable to extracellular body fluid. The envelope contains a solute which provides an osmotic potential across the walls of the envelope. In use, the partially collapsed envelope is surgically implanted in the hallowed-out interior of an intervertebral disc and is allowed to absorb fluid, whereby expansion of the envelope and subsequent disc expansion is accomplished.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 5, 2001Publication date: February 27, 2003Inventors: Lehmann K. Li, Stephen A. Maguire, Ernest N. Corrao, Edward F. Leonard, Robert Stanton Ward, Sallie Kate Coviello
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Patent number: 4741832Abstract: An apparatus and method for purifying a fluid stream employ a bed of regeable ligands affixed to one side of a semipermeable membrane. A ligate-laden fluid stream is conducted along the one membrane side, and the ligands selectively remove the ligates from the fluid stream by adsorption. A regeneration agent is conveyed to the ligand bed by diffusion across the membrane to break the ligand-ligate bonds and free the ligates. The freed ligates are rinsed from the vicinity of the regenerated ligand bed, which is now capable of adsorbing additional ligates.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1984Date of Patent: May 3, 1988Assignee: The Trustees of Columbia, University in the City of New YorkInventor: Edward F. Leonard
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Patent number: 4441947Abstract: A patterned, nonwoven, articulated fabric exhibiting a substantially uniform texture and comprised of a multiplicity of synthetic fiber elements, the opposing free ends of each of said synthetic fiber elements being joined to one another to form substantially continuous loops, said loops being interconnected to one another in a predetermined pattern. Method for producing said nonwoven fabric using specially prepared fiber elements which curl in a predetermined configuration in response to an external stimulus is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1983Date of Patent: April 10, 1984Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventor: Edward F. Leonard
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Patent number: 4421818Abstract: A patterned, nonwoven, articulated fabric exhibiting a substantially uniform texture and comprised of a multiplicity of synthetic fiber elements, the opposing free ends of each of said synthetic fiber elements being joined to one another to form substantially continuous loops, said loops being interconnected to one another in a predetermined pattern. Method for producing said nonwoven fabric using specially prepared fiber elements which curl in a predetermined configuration in response to an external stimulus is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 1982Date of Patent: December 20, 1983Assignee: The Procter & Gamble CompanyInventor: Edward F. Leonard