Abstract: Hydrolytic enzymes capable of catalyzing amidation reactions can be used to produce cyclic amide oligomers from diesters and diamines. The cyclic amide oligomers are useful for the production of higher molecular weight polyamides.

Abstract: A continuous process for the process for the enzyme-catalyzed preparation of cyclic ester oligomers from linear ester oligomers. The process may use a linear or recirculating reactor.

Abstract: Enzymes which are capable of catalyzing esterifications and/or transesterifications such as selected lipases and esterases can, under specified conditions, convert certain lower linear oligomers of polyesters to their cyclic ester oligomers in quantities greater than would be predicted by thermodynamic calculation or prior art methods. The cyclic ester oligomers are useful for the production of higher molecular weight linear polyesters.

Abstract: Chemically different cyclic ester oligomers can be copolymerized to form copolyesters whose properties can be tailored by the choice of cyclic ester oligomers used. The copolyesters formed are especially useful as encapsulants and as coatings. In many instances the copolyesters, assuming they are not randomized in later transesterification reactions, have unique microstructures related to the sequencing of repeat units the their polymer chains.

Abstract: Chemically different cyclic ester oligomers can be copolymerized to form copolyesters whose properties can be tailored by the choice of cyclic ester oligomers used. The copolyesters formed are especially useful as encapsulants and as coatings. In many instances the copolyesters, assuming they are not randomized in later transesterification reactions, have unique microstructures related to the sequencing of repeat units the their polymer chains.

Abstract: Enzymes which are capable of catalyzing esterifications and/or transesterifications such as selected lipases and esterases can, under specified conditions, convert certain lower linear oligomers of polyesters to their cyclic ester oligomers in quantities greater than would be predicted by thermodynamic calculation or prior art methods. The cyclic ester oligomers are useful for the production of higher molecular weight linear polyesters.

Abstract: Cyclic ester oligomers (CEOs) are manufactured from linear polyesters or their precursors by a continuous reactive extraction in which the linear polyesters are converted to the CEOs and the CEOs selectively removed from the mixture by extraction with a fluid. The fluid may be a liquid or a gas. The CEOs prodcued are useful as monomers, for example in a reaction injection molding process to rapidly form polyesters from low viscosity liquids.

Abstract: Cyclic ester oligomers (CEOs) are manufactured from linear polyesters or their precursors by a continuous reactive extraction in which the linear polyesters are converted to the CEOs and the CEOs selectively removed from the mixture by extraction with a fluid. The fluid may be a liquid or a gas. The CEOs produced are useful as monomers, for example in a reaction injection molding process to rapidly form polyesters from low viscosity liquids.

Abstract: A coating material for coating a substratehas been invented, the coating material including solvent, chlorosulfonated polyethylene dissolved in the solvent, hardener, and strengthener material. A process for producing a coating material for coating a substrate has been invented, the process including reacting chlorosulfonated polyethylene with an amino silane producing reaction product by the cross-linking of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene with the amino silane, adding carbon black to the reaction product, adding kaolin clay to the reaction product, and dissolving the reaction product, carbon black, and kaolin clay in a solvent forming a solution, the solution applyable to a substrate to form a coating thereon upon evaporation of the solvent.

Abstract: Sulfonate salts produced by basic hydrolysis of chlorosulfonated ethylene/propylene polymers grafted with an unsaturated acid or anhydride having chlorine contents of 20-70 weight percent and sulfur contents of 1.5-10 weight percent, and 2-10 weight percent copolymerized ethylene units provide self-stabilized resin latexes of unusual stability.

Abstract: Self-stabilized resin latexes are provided which contain sulfonate salts produced by basic hydrolysis of chlorosulfonated C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alpha-olefin polymers grafted with an unsaturated acid or anhydride, the polymers having chlorine contents of 20-70 weight percent and sulfur contents of 1.5-10 weight percent.

Abstract: Curable multilayer coated plastic substrates are provided having enhanced gasoline resistance and topcoat adhesion. The plastic is coated with a primer layer which is either a chlorosulfonated grafted polypropylene polymer or a mixture of a chlorinated grafted propylene polymer and a chlorosulfonated olefin polymer and which is free of crosslinking agents for the chlorosulfonated polymer. The primer layer is coated with a coating layer having free hydroxyl, primary amino, or secondary amino groups capable of reacting with the chlorosulfonyl groups of the primer layer.

Abstract: Curable multilayer coated plastic substrates are provided having enhanced gasoline resistance and topcoat adhesion. The plastic is coated with a primer layer which is either a chlorosulfonated grafted polypropylene polymer or a mixture of a chlorinated grafted propylene polymer and a chlorosulfonated olefin polymer and which is free of crosslinking agents for the chlorosulfonated polymer. The primer layer is coated with a coating layer having free hydroxyl, primary amino, or secondary amino groups capable of reacting with the chlorosulfonyl groups of the primer layer.

Abstract: Low molecular weight olefin resins are blended with small amounts of high molecular weight olefin resins and the blends are chlorinated or chlorosulfonated. Melt and film strengths of the resultant low molecular weight chlorinated and chlorosulfonated resins are thereby increased sufficiently to enable recovery by means of methods which require film or strand formation. The chemical properties and solution characteristics of the blends are substantially maintained compared to those of the low molecular weight chlorinated resins themselves.

Abstract: Polymer agglomeration is prevented in chlorinations and chlorosulfonations of olefin polymers performed in perfluorinated media by addition of fluorinated surfactants.

Abstract: Olefin polymers of melt index 1-500 g/10 minutes are chlorinated or chlorosulfonated in perfluorinated alkane, perfluorinated ether, or perfluorinated tertiary amine suspension.

Abstract: Monochloromonofluorobenzene provides a reaction medium for chlorination of C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 olefin polymers which is inert to chlorination and does not function as a stratospheric ozone depleter.

Abstract: A process for preparing a crosslinked epoxy resin composition which comprises contacting, at ambient temperature, in the absence of a bicyclic amidine:a) 5-80% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a chlorosulfonated olefin polymer having a chlorine content of about 20-60% by weight and a sulfur content of about 0.5-10% by weight; withb) 5-90% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a polyamine wherein the equivalent ratio of the polyamine to sulfur in the chlorosulfonated olefin polymer is greater than 1:1 and the polyamine has an equivalent weight up to 5,000; and withc) at least 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of an epoxy resin prepolymer.

Abstract: A chlorosulfonated olefin polymer resin composition comprising the reaction product of:a) 1-80% by weight, based on the weight of the resin, of a chlorosulfonated olefin polymer having a chlorine content of about 20-60% by weight and a sulfur content of about 0.5-10% by weight;b) 5-90% by weight, based on the weight of the resin, of a compound selected from the group consisting of polyols, hydrocarbon primary and secondary polyamines, condensation products of said polyamines with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, wherein the equivalent ratio of the compound to sulfur in the chlorosulfonated olefin polymer is greater than 1:1 and the compound has an equivalent weight up to 5,000; andc) at least 5% by weight, based on the weight of the resin, of a polyisocyanate;is disclosed as well as the process for making same.

Abstract: Non-discolored chlorinated and chlorosulfonated olefin polymers having low levels of residual solvent are prepared in a process wherein monofluorobenzene is used as a reaction medium and isolation of the polymer is by means of a series of vented closed loop extruders. The process also results in suppression of the formation of monochloromonofluorobenzene as a by-product.