Abstract: Water-displacing compositions based on fluorocarbon solvent FC-113 (1,1,2-trifluoro-1,2,2-trichloroethane) and certain surfactants are provided. These solutions serve to displace water from a broad range of substrates, including metals such as stainless-steel, aluminum alloys and brass, as well as from glass and ceramic surfaces such as lime glasses, borosilicate glass, unglazed alumina and fired alumina. In addition, these compositions do not form emulsions with the displaced water. This latter property is important to efficient water removal by decantation when the drying solvent is used in commercial drying processes and apparatus.The surfactants are chosen from a combination of: (a) the isopropyl amine salt of a dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid; (b) 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol combined with an aliphatic primary alcohol in the range of hexanol to dodecanol; and (c) certain aliphatic esters of polyphosphoric acid, in the free-acid form.

Abstract: Surfactant-modified, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane solvent compositions are provided which contain small but effective amounts, i.e., about 0.2 to about 0.5 weight percent of solvent soluble/water insoluble surfactant and/or surfactant demulsifiers and adjust to accommodate. Of particular significance are the compositions containing N-acylated sarcosine surfactants and demulsifiers of the group acetylenic diols, aliphatic primary alcohols of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and alkyl phosphate triesters of 3 to 12 carbon atoms. The demulsifier containing compositions have the properties of effectively and essentially completely displacing water or aqueous solutions from many substrates and, even under conditions of severe agitation, separating them for removal by decantation from the solvent layer without the drawback of forming stable emulsions that prevent said decantation and interfere with sufficient processing of the solvent drying compositions through the drying apparatus.

Abstract: Amino resin foams of the urea-formaldehyde or urea-melamine-formaldehyde type formed from a one-phase solution of methylene chloride solvent, propylene glycol co-solvent, catalyst and polymer precursors which may be urea and formaldehyde or urea, melamine and formaldehyde. As reaction occurs between the polymer precursors in the solution, the methylene chloride in the solution vaporizes foaming the resin. In the product foam, the propylene glycol acts as a plasticizer and the methylene chloride as the blowing agent in a closed-cell foam having superior stability and insulative properties. The product foam is useful in building insulation and for other insulative purposes.