Abstract: The present invention is a surface-modified carbon material including chemical addends added to the surface of graphene, such that a one-dimensional periodicity corresponding to a large number of addition positions of the chemical addends can be observed in a Fourier-transformed image of a scanning probe microscopic image of the surface of graphene. The surface-modified carbon material of the present invention has a bandgap and therefore can be used as a sensor capable of electronically controlling an operation or another electronic device.

Abstract: Methods useful in constructing libraries that collectively display and/or express members of diverse families of peptides, polypeptides or proteins and the libraries produced using those methods. Methods of screening those libraries and the peptides, polypeptides or proteins identified by such screens.

Abstract: Techniques for providing pervasive synchronization services to digital assets are described. With the synchronization services, copies of a digital asset, regardless where they are physically located as long as they are in predefined or registered storage area (e.g., a folder or repository), are kept synchronized. In other words, when one has made a change to a file on one computer, copies of the file distributed on other computers are all updated with the change. The pervasive synchronization services are performed by using metadata sets of the digital assets without releasing the content of the digital assets. A metadata set includes some or all of header information of a file holding a digital asset and supplemental information generated about the file, wherein the supplemental information includes at least location information to indicate where there are copies of the file.

Abstract: Methods useful in constructing libraries that collectively display and/or express members of diverse families of peptides, polypeptides or proteins and the libraries produced using those methods. Methods of screening those libraries and the peptides, polypeptides or proteins identified by such screens.

Abstract: A method is provided for encoding device independent multi-modal content including an arrangement comprising one or more of a plurality of tokens, where each token corresponds to a standard predefined effect. The method includes defining a token for one or more standard predefined effects, wherein the token is adapted for being mapped to one or more effect producing elements in a target device. One or more tokens are then composed for playback together as an arrangement.

Abstract: A method is provided for encoding device independent multi-modal content including an arrangement comprising one or more of a plurality of tokens, where each token corresponds to a standard predefined effect. The method includes defining a token for one or more standard predefined effects, wherein the token is adapted for being mapped to one or more effect producing elements in a target device. One or more tokens are then composed for playback together as an arrangement.

Abstract: A forms creation and processing system which identifies and locates the active areas of a form using forms landmarks. The present invention eliminates the need to place predefined registration marks onto a machine readable form. The active areas of a form are those which may contain a user created mark, such as a checkbox or a signature box. A form is preanalyzed at the same time that the active areas are being described. The aim of the preanalysis is to find a set of graphic shapes, i.e. landmarks, that can be found on the form independent of their location or orientation in the image. Examples of such landmarks include paragraphs of text, heavy black lines and gray scale areas. The analysis looks at the geometric distribution and regularities of the connected components to choose a set of landmarks. The landmarks and active areas on the form are stored in a forms control file.

Abstract: A two-way fluid pressure relief valve having a valve body and two valve seats therein and two valve closure pieces operable on the seats. Springs force the closure pieces against the seats, and the fluid pressure will act in both directions for removing the closures from the seats and causing fluid pressure relief. A movable member engages the closure pieces to remove them from the seats and to also fluid-tightly seal with them up to the point of fluid pressure relief created by the springs.