Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting and identifying a non-volatile chemical substance, in which the chemical substance (when in a sample) is pyrolyzed into its gaseous components and then the gaseous components are monitored to determine whether or not specific gaseous components are present.

Abstract: A method for monitoring detecting the presence of pollutants such as chlorinated hydrocarbons in water is provided. In the preferred method, a sample of water is obtained and enclosing or isolating and tested with one or more pollutant sensitive tests. In the preferred method, pH, electrical conductivity and specific ion species sensitive electrode tests are conducted on the sample when testing for the presence of organochlorine compounds. The sample is then sonicated with ultrasound rarefaction and compression waves to cause pollutant decomposition under controlled conditions using a horn probe or cup horn over a length of time at a pulse mode. After sonication, the sample is re-tested, preferably with the same pre-tests of pH, conductivity and electrode measurements. Comparison of the post sonication to pre sonication test results indicates the presence of pollutants, as in the case of the presence of chlorinated hydrocarbons, an increase in the presence of the cl.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed is a one step process for reacting certain aminopyridines and pmidines with a methylene halide, preferably methylene iodide, at reflux for from about overnight to about 72 hours to obtain corresponding N,N'-methylene-2,2'-azopyridocyanines in good yields.

Abstract: 1. A compound having the formula: ##STR1## where R is an alkyl group of 1-4 carbons and X is selected from the group onsisting of chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

Abstract: A method of testing; i.e., challenging a V and G toxic agent alarm through se of a simulant compound having no significant toxicity to insure alarm sensitivity and function.

Abstract: Method and compounds for detecting glycolate incapacitating chemical agen the detecting compounds have the generic formula ##SPC1##Wherein R is an amino or imino group. The glycolate agents have the generic formula ##EQU1## wherein R, R.sup.1, and R.sup.11 are each any aromatic group, any aliphatic group, any substituted aromatic group, any substituted aliphatic group, any cyclo aliphatic group, any cyclo aliphatic group having nitrogen in the cyclic structure, and any combinations thereof.