Abstract: A tree staking system, parts therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the stake comprising a piece of material having an upper end adapted to be operatively associated with an end of a support rope that is to be interconnected to the tree that is planted in the ground, the piece of material having a lower end adapted to be driven into the ground in spaced relation to the tree by hammering or the like on the upper end thereof, the stake having a pair of opposed sides and a centerline extending between the upper end and the lower end thereof, the stake having a substantially straight hole therein and leading from the upper end at an angle to the centerline, the hole having an upper end that interrupts the upper end adjacent one of the opposed sides thereof whereby the hole is adapted to receive a substantially straight shank portion of an anchor pin through the upper end thereof until an attaching end of the pin for the end of the rope abuts the upper end of the stake adjacent the upper end of the

Abstract: A sheet of mulch material and method of making the same are provided, the sheet of mulch material comprising a sheet of polymeric material having openings passing therethrough and opposed sides one of which is to face the ground on which the sheet of mulch material is to be disposed, and a sheet of fabric material being coextensive with and being secured to the one side of the sheet of polymeric material and overlapping the openings thereof to tend to prevent plant growth through the openings.

Abstract: A sheet of mulch material and method of making the same are provided, the sheet of mulch material comprising a sheet of polymeric material having openings passing therethrough and opposed sides one of which is to face the ground on which the sheet of mulch material is to be disposed, and a sheet of fabric material being coextensive with and being secured to the one side of the sheet of polymeric material and overlapping the openings thereof to tend to prevent plant growth through the openings.

Abstract: A ventilating construction, such as for a cold frame or for other desired structures, and method of making the same are provided, the ventilating construction comprising a sheet of material having an opening therethrough a flap hinged to the sheet for opening and closing the opening. The sheet comprises two like walls of polymeric material disposed in spaced apart substantially parallel relation with a plurality of spaced apart substantially parallel ribs of polymeric material disposed between the walls and interconnected thereto. The flap comprises a section of the sheet cut therefrom to define the opening and having at least part of one edge thereof being uncut so as to be integral and one-piece with one of the walls to provide a natural hinge therewith.

Abstract: An insect trap arrangement, kit therefor and method of making the same are provided, the trap arrangement comprising a lure unit for attracting insects thereto and causing the attracted insects to fall by gravity therefrom, an insect storage container having an inlet for receiving the falling insects therethrough whereby the storage container is adapted to store the falling insects therein, and a conveying unit disposed intermediate the lure unit and the storage container and having an inlet operatively associated with the lure unit to receive the falling insects therefrom and having an outlet operatively associated with the inlet of the storage container for discharging by gravity the falling insects from the conveying unit into the inlet of the storage container.

Abstract: A shelf mounting system wherein a shelf unit is mounted to one side of a wall covering solely by a plurality of rigid hangers interconnected by interconnecting portions thereof to the shelf unit and having installing portions thereof respectively disposed in a plurality of openings of the wall covering and bearing against the other side of the wall covering. Each hanger comprises a one-piece rod-like member of a generally uniform cross-sectional configuration throughout its length and having its installing portion defining a generally J-shape disposed in its respective opening and engaging against the other side of the wall covering in a load bearing manner. Each opening is generally of the same cross-sectional size as the cross-sectional configuration of its respective hanger.

Abstract: A shelf mounting system wherein a shelf unit is mounted to one side of a wall covering solely by a plurality of rigid hangers interconnected by interconnecting portions thereof to the shelf unit and having installing portions thereof respectively disposed in a plurality of openings of the wall covering and bearing against the other side of the wall covering. Each hanger comprises a one-piece rod-like member of a generally uniform cross-sectional configuration throughout its length and having its installing portion defining a generally J-shape disposed in its respective opening and engaging against the other side of the wall covering in a load bearing manner. Each opening is generally of the same cross-sectional size as the cross-sectional configuration of its respective hanger.

Abstract: A thermostatic ventilator operator has a thermostatic actuator consisting of a pair of tubes telescoped together with a plurality of thermally responsive power elements arranged coaxially therein. An operating lever is pivoted on a mounting bracket. The thermostatic actuator is pivotally connected to the mounting bracket and to the operating lever with one of the pivots being slidable in a direction normal to its axis. A pair of extension springs bias the slidable pivot in one direction.

Abstract: A heat exchange system having a source of heat exchange output fluid for effecting a heat exchange function and having a source of return fluid resulting from the output fluid providing its heat exchange function. A thermally operated element controls the amount of flow of the output fluid from the source in relation to the temperature of the thermally operated element. A sensing device senses the temperature effect of the heat exchange function in relation to a predetermined temperature that the heat exchange system is to provide, the sensing device directing one of the output fluid and the return fluid to the thermally operated element to cause the same to change the amount of flow of the output fluid when the temperature effect deviates from the predetermined temperature a certain amount whereby the thermally responsive element is subject to a relatively wide swing in temperature for large control movement thereof in relation to a relatively narrow swing in temperature at the sensing device.

Abstract: A heat exchange system having a source of heat exchange output fluid for effecting a heat exchange function and having a source of return fluid resulting from the output fluid providing its heat exchange function. A thermally operated element controls the amount of flow of the output fluid from the source in relation to the temperature of the thermally operated element. A sensing device senses the temperature effect of the heat exchange function in relation to a predetermined temperature that the heat exchange system is to provide, the sensing device directing one of the output fluid and the return fluid to the thermally operated element to cause the same to change the amount of flow of the output fluid when the temperature effect deviates from the predetermined temperature by a certain amount whereby the thermally responsive element is subject to a relatively wide swing in temperature for large control movement thereof in relation to a relatively narrow swing in temperature at the sensing device.

Abstract: A heat exchange system having a source of heat exchange output fluid for effecting a heat exchange function and having a source of return fluid resulting from the output fluid providing its heat exchange function. A thermally operated element controls the amount of flow of the output fluid from the source in relation to the temperature of the thermally operated element. A sensing device senses the temperature effect of the heat exchange function in relation to a predetermined temperature that the heat exchange system is to provide, the sensing device directing one of the output fluid and the return fluid to the thermally operated element to cause the same to change the amount of flow of the output fluid when the temperature effect deviates from the predetermined temperature a certain amount whereby the thermally responsive element is subject to a relatively wide swing in temperature for large control movement thereof in relation to a relatively narrow swing in temperature at the sensing device.

Abstract: A heat exchange system having a source of heat exchange output fluid for effecting a heat exchange function and having a source of return fluid resulting from the output fluid providing its heat exchange function. A thermally operated element controls the amount of flow of the output fluid from the source in relation to the temperature of the thermally operated element. A sensing device senses the temperature effect of the heat exchange function in relation to a predetermined temperature that the heat exchange system is to provide, the sensing device directing one of the output fluid and the return fluid to the thermally operated element to cause the same to change the amount of flow of the output fluid when the temperature effect deviates from the predetermined temperature a certain amount whereby the thermally responsive element is subject to a relatively wide swing in temperature for large control movement thereof in relation to a relatively narrow swing in temperature at the sensing device.

Abstract: A cold frame for providing an environment conducive to the growing of plants having walls and a flexible, light-transmitting cover member which is flexed to form a ventilation opening. The cover member is flexed manually or by means responsive to the temperature of the interior of the cold frame.

Abstract: A valve construction having a valve bonnet provided with opposed ends and an external peripheral surface intermediate those ends, the internal peripheral surface having locking recesses formed therein. A cover member is telescoped over the valve bonnet and carries a spring retainer having a pair of opposed elbow portions thereof received in the locking recesses of the valve bonnet to detachably lock the cover member to the valve bonnet. A packing gland is carried by the valve bonnet and has a movable valve stem passing therethrough to be sealed by the packing gland while being adapted to move axially relative thereto. The packing gland carries two resilient O-rings separated by an annular lubricant impregnated packing material whereby the valve stem passes axially through the O-rings and the annular packing material to be sealed thereby while being axially movable relative thereto.

Abstract: A heat exchange system having a source of heat exchange output fluid for effecting a heat exchange function and having a source of return fluid resulting from the output fluid providing its heat exchange function. A thermally operated element controls the amount of flow of the output fluid from the source in relation to the temperature of the thermally operated element. A sensing device senses the temperature effect of the heat exchange function in relation to a predetermined temperature that the heat exchange system is to provide, the sensing device directing one of the output fluid and the return fluid to the thermally operated element to cause the same to change the amount of flow of the output fluid when the temperature effect deviates from the predetermined temperature a certain amount whereby the thermally responsive element is subject to a relatively wide swing in temperature for large control movement thereof in relation to a relatively narrow swing in temperature at the sensing device.

Abstract: A multiple low pressure selector relay having a housing provided with a plurality of low pressure relays each having an exhaust port. A movable selector is carried by the housing and has means for closing all of the exhaust ports except two thereof when the selector is in one position thereof, the selector having the means thereof opening other of the exhaust ports when the selector is moved to other positions thereof whereby the desired number of exhaust ports in addition to the two thereof can be opened.

Abstract: A three-way changeover valve construction having a housing means provided with an inlet and a pair of outlets. A pair of valve seats are carried by the housing for respectively controlling fluid flow from the inlet through the outlets. A pair of valve members are provided for respectively controlling the valve seats with the valve members being operatively associated together to move substantially in unison relative to the valve seats in response to a condition sensed by a condition responsive device. A changeover device is operatively associated with the valve members to position the same to act respectively on one side of the pair of valve seats or on the other side of the pair of valve seats to change the valve construction from a cooling function thereof to a heating function thereof in response to a temperature change in the flowing medium.

Abstract: A three-way changeover valve construction having a housing means provided with an inlet and a pair of outlets. A pair of valve seats are carried by the housing for respectively controlling fluid flow from the inlet through the outlets. A pair of valve members are provided for respectively controlling the valve seats with the valve members being operatively associated together to move substantially in unison relative to the valve seats in response to a condition sensed by a condition responsive device. A changeover device is operatively associated with the valve members to position the same to act respectively on one side of the pair of valve seats or on the other side of the pair of valve seats to change the valve construction from a cooling function thereof to a heating function thereof in response to a temperature change in the flowing medium.

Abstract: A pneumatically operated pilot relay having an outlet for sending a pneumatic pilot output when the pilot relay receives a pneumatic signal of a certain magnitude, the pilot relay having a selector for selecting within limits the magnitude of the pneumatic signal that is required for the pilot relay to produce the pneumatic pilot output. The pilot relay terminates the pneumatic pilot output when the pneumatic signal falls to another certain magnitude, the other certain magnitude being a fixed differential from the selected magnitude thereof.