Abstract: A device includes a first light source to be aligned along a path of a projectile. The first light source has a narrow divergence to simulate the path of the projectile. A second light source has a vertically wide divergence extending above the path of the projectile. The first and second light sources are encoded and aligned to facilitate distinguishing between head and body shots using only head sensors.

Abstract: A target in a physical environment can be interrogated. Feedback can be received from the target that is encoded within a radio frequency signal. The feedback can include position and movement data of the target. Adjustments can be calculated for a simulated kinetic projectile traveling to the target. The adjustments can account for target movement, kinetic projectile travel time, and travel path to the target. A distance from a point of origin of the simulated kinetic projectile to the target and movement of the target relative to the point of origin can be determined utilizing the feedback. A result signal can be conveyed that includes result data. The result data can include all information necessary for the target to react to the simulated kinetic projectile.

Abstract: A device includes a housing and a hammer. A motor is coupled to the hammer to move the hammer away from a side of the housing and release the hammer. A tension spring is coupled to the hammer to cause the hammer to strike the housing after the hammer is moved away from the housing by the motor and released. The housing acts as a sounding device to simulate the sound of gunfire.

Abstract: A processor can determine a relative position within a room of a person wearing a force-on-force device based exclusively upon sensed optical signals detected by optical sensors connected to the force-on-force device. Each of the sensed optical signals is geographically focused within a spatially constrained zone. Each sensed optical signal can further include digitally encoded data indicating an optical source that emitted the sensed optical signal and a spatially constrained zone of the sensed optical signal. The relative position can be determined based on determining a grid within the room within which the person is located. The grid can be defined by overlapping ones of the spatially constrained zones of the sensed optical signals.

Abstract: A device includes a housing and a hammer. A motor is coupled to the hammer to move the hammer away from a side of the housing and release the hammer. A tension spring is coupled to the hammer to cause the hammer to strike the housing after the hammer is moved away from the housing by the motor and released. The housing acts as a sounding device to simulate the sound of gunfire.

Abstract: A device includes a first light source to be aligned along a path of a projectile. The first light source has a narrow divergence to simulate the path of the projectile. A second light source has a vertically wide divergence extending above the path of the projectile. The first and second light sources are encoded and aligned to facilitate distinguishing between head and body shots using only head sensors.

Abstract: A processor can determine a relative position within a room of a person wearing a force-on-force device based exclusively upon sensed optical signals detected by optical sensors connected to the force-on-force device. Each of the sensed optical signals is geographically focused within a spatially constrained zone. Each sensed optical signal can further include digitally encoded data indicating an optical source that emitted the sensed optical signal and a spatially constrained zone of the sensed optical signal. The relative position can be determined based on determining a grid within the room within which the person is located. The grid can be defined by overlapping ones of the spatially constrained zones of the sensed optical signals.

Abstract: A target in a physical environment can be interrogated. Feedback can be received from the target that is encoded within a radio frequency signal. The feedback can include position and movement data of the target. Adjustments can be calculated for a simulated kinetic projectile traveling to the target. The adjustments can account for target movement, kinetic projectile travel time, and travel path to the target. A distance from a point of origin of the simulated kinetic projectile to the target and movement of the target relative to the point of origin can be determined utilizing the feedback. A result signal can be conveyed that includes result data. The result data can include all information necessary for the target to react to the simulated kinetic projectile.

Abstract: The combat training system includes a transmitter of a first electroluminescent signal representative of a projectile fired at a front of a structure, which is detected at the structure's front. An extent of damage that would be expected to be experienced by the structure is determined from the detected first signal. A second electroluminescent signal is transmitted behind the structure that is representative of the expected damage extent. A target behind the structure's front detects the second signal, from which an effect expected to be experienced by the target is determined.