Abstract: A radio fequency amplifier-combiner using series fed directional couplers in an input distribution network each coupler having an amplified output to a respective coupler in an accumulator providing a high energy output with low accumulator losses. The invention can be used in waveguide with capabilities of output power levels reaching hundreds of watts and more.

Abstract: Microwave phase modulators are described utilizing three or more hybrid junctions, two of which are phase quadrature hybrids each having one pair of conjugate terminals terminated with switching means and each having one of the remaining terminals connected to a respective terminal of a third hybrid junction. With power in at a third terminal of the third hybrid junction, power out at the 4th terminal of the third hybrid junction can be selectively shifted 180.degree. or switched off by operation of the switching means. Broad band operation is achieved and reflections by the switching means do not have to have a precise phase tolerance as long as they are similar.

Abstract: Microwave hybrid coupler combinations using magic tees in which the symmetrical arms are used for output ports in power combining and the nonsymmetrical arms are used for output ports in power dividing.

Abstract: A microwave hybrid T-Junction switch using the two main (symmetrical) arms as input/output ports and two branch arms (E and H-plane) as control terminals, one of the branch arms containing a biased diode for switching and the other branch arm terminated with a fixed electrical short.

Abstract: A circular polarizer in the form of a waveguide coupler containing a sloped septum and using discontinuities on the septum slope together with a waist constriction to achieve good isolation and low ellipticity over a wide band.

Abstract: An orthogonal mode waveguide junction having a dual mode common arm capable of receiving or transmitting energy simultaneously in two orthogonally related directions of polarization, an E-arm, and an H-arm meeting in a common junction region. Matching structure is included entirely within the junction region. The junction is usable over a great part of the band normally usable with a waveguide designed to the same center frequency.

Abstract: A microwave hybrid junction with two of the four terminal pairs terminated with matched switchable impedances driven by interconnected circuitry such that if one of the impedances is in its high impedance state, the other is always in its low impedance state and vice versa, providing high energy transfer over a wide band with selectable phase inversion of the output. In combination with other hybrid junctions, a wide and flexible variety of input and output conditions can be obtained by switching the switchable impedances.