Abstract: Compounds of the general structural formula, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylamino and R.sup.2 is H or lower N-alkylcarbamyl are made from corresponding m-aminophenylacetylenic compounds by conventional methods and are useful as selective herbicides.

Abstract: 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid and 3,4'-diamino-3',4-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid and process for preparing same.

Abstract: Bromoarylacetylenes such as m-bromophenylacetylene and certain precursors to such bromoarylacetylene are prepared by reacting an aryldibromide with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties. Additional triphenylphosphine can be added. A cuprous iodide promoter is also employed in the reaction sequence. The bromoarylacetylenes can be reacted with a substituted terminal acetylene compound as defined using the same catalyst system as defined to produce the corresponding aryldihydroxy substituted acetylenes. Certain bromophenylhydroxy substituted acetylenes are claimed as new compositions.

Abstract: Aromatic nitroacetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated at high conversion levels to selectively reduce the nitro function using an unsupported cobalt polysulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of aminophenylacetylenes from nitrophenylacetylene.

Abstract: Nitroaromatic hydroxy substituted acetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated in an inert solvent to selectively reduce the nitro function over a ruthenium disulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of aminophenylacetylene from nitrophenyl hydroxy substituted acetylene.

Abstract: Aromatic nitroacetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated in dilute concentration in an inert solvent at high conversion levels to selectively reduce the nitro function using an unsupported ruthenium disulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of an aminophenylacetylene from a nitrophenylacetylene.

Abstract: Chloroarylacetylenes such as m-chlorophenylacetylene and certain precursors to such chloroarylacetylene are prepared by reacting a chloroarylbromide with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties. Additional triphenylphosphine can be added. A cuprous iodide promoter is also employed in the reaction sequence.

Abstract: Nitrophenylacetylene and certain precursors to nitrophenylacetylene are prepared in improved yields by reacting a nitrobromobenzene with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties and some excess trisubstituted phosphine compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially soluble in acetone and substantially soluble in water which comprises subjecting a slurry containing coal to reaction with aqueous nitric acid in an atmosphere containing molecular oxygen, mechanically separating the solids in the resulting slurry, separating nitric acid and water from the resulting filtrate and then extracting the remainder of said filtrate with a polar solvent to obtain said mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids substantially soluble in acetone and substantially soluble in water.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially soluble in acetone but substantially insoluble in water which comprises subjecting a slurry containing coal to reaction with aqueous nitric acid in an atmosphere containing molecular oxygen, mechanically separating the solids in the resulting slurry, extracting the resulting solids with a polar solvent to separate therefrom a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids substantially soluble in acetone but substantially insoluble in water and a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids substantially insoluble in acetone and substantially insoluble in water.

Abstract: A new composition capable of being cured to a solid resin highly resistant to boiling acetone which comprises: (a) a 1,2-epoxy resin containing on the average more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule; (b) a residue remaining from the process wherein cumene (C) is reacted with maleic anhydride (MA) in the presence of (that is, in contact with) zinc chloride to obtain a reaction product containing dimethylbenzyl succinic anhydride (DMBSA), 5-phenyl-5-methylhexane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PMTD) and addition products of C and MA containing more than two anhydride groups per molecule (AP) and wherein a sufficient amount of said DMBSA is removed from said reaction product to give a residue containing a maximum of 25 weight percent DMBSA; and (c) an accelerator.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel isometric polyamide resins.

Abstract: A mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially insoluble in acetone and substantially insoluble in water and a process for preparing the mixture.

Abstract: A new composition capable of being cured to a solid resin highly resistant to boiling acetone which comprises: (a) a 1,2-epoxy resin containing on the average more than one 1,2-epoxy group per molecule; (b) a residue remaining from the process wherein cumene (C) is reacted with maleic anhydride (MA) to obtain a reaction product containing dimethylbenzyl succinic anhydride (DMBSA), 5-phenyl-5-methylhexane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PMTD) and addition products of C and MA containing more than two anhydride groups per molecule (AP) and wherein a sufficient amount of said DMBSA is removed from said reaction product to give a residue containing a maximum of 25 weight percent DMBSA; and (c) an accelerator.

Abstract: Substituted acetylenes wherein the amino and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms and wherein the substituted acetylene has at least 3 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group are claimed as new compositions of matter. The new compositions are prepared by the selective reduction of the corresponding nitroaromatic by contacting the nitroaromatic and free molecular hydrogen with a catalyst consisting essentially of ruthenium. A new process is also described for the preparation of an aminophenylacetylene.

Abstract: A mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially soluble in acetone and substantially soluble in water and a process for preparing the mixture.

Abstract: Nitrophenyl hydroxy substituted acetylene, which can be converted to nitrophenylacetylene is prepared by reacting a nitrobromobenzene with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moities and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties. A cuprous iodide promoter is also employed in the reaction sequence.

Abstract: A foamable polymer composition comprising a resinous polymer and a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially soluble in acetone and substantially soluble in water obtained as a result of the nitric acid oxidation of a carbonaceous material, such as coal.

Abstract: The amount of oxygen-containing impurities in an organic composition is reduced at an elevated temperature by contact with a supported metal oxide. For example, the amount of oxygen-containing organic impurities in a crude stilbene product obtained by oxidatively dehydrocoupling toluene using a solid oxidant is decreased by contact with zinc oxide supported on alumina at an elevated temperature and the resulting purified stilbene product is reacted with ethylene to form styrene.

Abstract: A process for preparing novel isomeric dicarboxy, di (hydroxymethyl), diphenylmethane dilactones wherein benzophenone-3, 4,3',4'-tetracarboxylic dianhydride is subjected to hydrogenation in an ether or ester carrier in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst pretreated in an ether carrier.