Abstract: A cartridge valve assembly includes a body having a central bore, a first port, a second port, and a third port fluidly connected to the central bore. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a main spool positioned within the central bore and being movable between at least a first position and a second position. The main spool forms, within the central bore, a first chamber, and a second chamber, and a control chamber. The cartridge valve assembly also includes a first passage fluidly communicating the first chamber with the second chamber, and an actuator adapted to apply a force to a first end of the main spool. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a feedback spool having an end exposed to a feedback chamber formed within the body, and a second passage fluidly communicating the control chamber with the feedback chamber.

Abstract: A cartridge valve assembly includes a body having a pilot port, a first port, a second port, a third port fluidly connected to a central bore, and a spool positioned within the central bore and being movable between at least a first position and a second position. The spool includes a first chamber at a first end surface of the spool in fluid communication with the pilot port, a second chamber at a second end surface of the spool, and a control chamber. The area of the first end surface is greater than the area of the second end surface. A passage fluidly communicates the control chamber with the second chamber. In the first position, the first port and the second port fluidly communicate with the control chamber. In the second position, the second port and the third port fluidly communicate with the control chamber.

Abstract: A cartridge valve assembly includes a body having a central bore, a first port, a second port, and a third port fluidly connected to the central bore. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a main spool positioned within the central bore and being movable between at least a first position and a second position. The main spool forms, within the central bore, a first chamber, and a second chamber, and a control chamber. The cartridge valve assembly also includes a first passage fluidly communicating the first chamber with the second chamber, and an actuator adapted to apply a force to a first end of the main spool. The cartridge valve assembly further includes a feedback spool having an end exposed to a feedback chamber formed within the body, and a second passage fluidly communicating the control chamber with the feedback chamber.

Abstract: A cartridge valve assembly includes a body having a pilot port, a first port, a second port, a third port fluidly connected to a central bore, and a spool positioned within the central bore and being movable between at least a first position and a second position. The spool includes a first chamber at a first end surface of the spool in fluid communication with the pilot port, a second chamber at a second end surface of the spool, and a control chamber. The area of the first end surface is greater than the area of the second end surface. A passage fluidly communicates the control chamber with the second chamber. In the first position, the first port and the second port fluidly communicate with the control chamber. In the second position, the second port and the third port fluidly communicate with the control chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a a vaccine effective for primates, such as chimpanzees, and against hepatitis B virus (HBV) using hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) made by recombinant DNA. Chimpanzees immunized with the vaccine were protected against hepatitis B.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) using purified hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg). Chimpanzees immunized with the vaccine were protected against hepatitis B.

Abstract: A method of treating the agent of human non-A, non-B hepatitis to render it incapable of causing infection which comprises heating said agent at about 60.degree. C. for about 10 hours and recovering the treated protective agent. Furthermore, this treated agent may be utilized as a vaccine, as, for example, inoculating chimpanzees by i.v. inoculation with the heat treated non-A, non-B agent and the animals have been found protected from later challenge by non-A, non-B hepatitis agent. Thus, the second part of the invention resides in the utilization of a heat-treated agent from human plasma later utilized to protect chimpanzees by incoluation and utilization as a vaccine.

Abstract: In the detection of the highly transmittable agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis there is described a method utilizing antigen-antibody reaction and preferred counterelectrophoresis method for the detection of said antigen. This method may also be applied to producing a vaccine.

Abstract: In the detection of the highly transmittable agent of non-A, non-B hepatitis there is described a method utilizing antigen-antibody reaction and a preferred counterelectrophoresis method for the detection of said antigen. The method may be applied as in the recipients of blood transfusions and also may be applied to screening blood donors where the blood donor had transmitted by transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis antigen several years previously or there was at least a 1-5 year retrospective period from donating blood to retention of active transmittable agent.

Abstract: The utilization of hepatitis B immune globulin as a preparation for preventing transmission of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by injectable biologics, by incubation of the injectable biologics and hepatitis B immune globulin together in vitro prior to administration to patient. The hepatitis B immune globulin is utilized in a dosage of 5 ml and in a preferred titer of 1 to 100,000. The titer may vary to a range of 1 to 100 concentration with an intermediate range of 1 to 1,000 ranging down to 1 to 100,000. Also there may be used other immune globulins such as immune serum globulin (ISG).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of inactivating a non-A, non-B hepatitis agent by means of formalin utilized in extended treatment. The range of formalin treatment utilizes a concentration of 1:1,000-1:10,000, preferred 1:1,000, and the duration of treatment is from 24-120 hours at any temperature with a preferred 96 hours (4 days) at 37.degree..+-.4.degree. C. This formalin-treated or otherwise inactivated agent, or portions of the agent, may be later used to produce a vaccine against non-A, non-B hepatitis.