Abstract: An apparatus (100) for measuring toner concentration in a developer contained in a developer housing (10) includes a developer sample container(102) that receives a portion of developer extracted from the developer housing (10). A spectrophotometer (112) measures spectrophotometric data for the portion of the developer in the developer sample container (102). A processor (116) estimates the toner concentration based on the measured spectrophotometric data and a pre-determined relationship (118) between the spectrophotometric data and the toner concentration. A method (200) for estimating the toner concentration in a developer comprising a toner and a carrier includes measuring (220) a color characteristic of the developer, comparing (222) the measured color characteristic with a predetermined relationship between the color characteristic and the toner concentration, and estimating (226) the toner concentration based on the comparing.

Abstract: Removable headwear is provided for therapeutically applying a permanent magnetic field to hair follicles located in the scalp to retard hair loss and promote hair re-growth. A flexible sheet of magnetic material having a plurality of alternating north-south poles is placed with a head covering that is in turn placed upon the head of a subject. Such head covering, while suitable for nighttime wear, may not be deemed socially acceptable for wear during the day. To enable the subject to maximize the exposure of the scalp to the magnetic fields, the head covering is configured to permit an item of conventional headwear to be placed over and cover the inner head covering.

Abstract: A conductive bus member operable over a selected operating frequency range includes a cylindrical main body and first and second legs secured to the main body at first and second points whereby first and second current paths having first and second impedances are defined between the first and second points. A predetermined relationship between the first and second impedances is maintained over the selected operating frequency range.

Abstract: A current sensor operable over a selected operating frequency range includes a flux concentrating core. The core is fabricated by forming a series of tape-wound laminations into a desired closed shape, securing the laminations together at a point and removing material at the point to create a gap.

Abstract: An electrical device is capable of sensing both AC and DC current which is flowing through an electrical circuit. The electrical device bifurcates the current into separate paths, wherein impedance of each path has a constant relationship to each other. In a further embodiment, the electrical device includes a current sensor for measuring current flowing through the circuit. The sensor is of a type which does not introduce insertion loss.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electric power generation and distribution system, and more particularly to an electric power distribution module for use in such systems, having an insulative support structure which includes integral therewith electrically conductive means which define a circuit for distributing electric power received from one or more power sources to one or more electrical loads, the insulative support structure also including integral therewith current sensing means for sensing a flow of electrical current in the electrically conductive means.

Abstract: A receiver and antenna drive gear unit provide optimal mechanical and electrical pointing of the antenna dish at each of the satellite orbiting in geo-synchronous fashion above the equator, the receiver having the capability of calculating and initially pointing the antenna dish at each of the satellites, and then providing peaking routines under operator control to maximize signal strength. The antenna drive gear unit utilizes a separate motor for each of the azimuth and elevational directions and utilizes circular ring gears and a spur gear to drive the antenna, thereby providing much more accurate and repeatable monitoring and positioning of the antenna unit over extended usage.

Abstract: A dual frequency feed for use with an antenna permits reception of signals in both a low frequency band and a high frequency band and is comprised of a single feed through which both signals are propagated, a high frequency probe which extends concentrically within the throat of the feed for receiving the high frequency signal, a wave guide connected to the throat of the feed including a pair of turnstile junctions with four wave guides interconnecting the turnstile junctions, and a single output port with a polarization rotation device for receiving the low frequency signal. The four interconnecting wave guides may be either co-axial cables or generally rectangular wave guides.

Abstract: A satellite TV or cable video receiver includes a decoder for decoding information embedded in a broadcasted TV program which can be utilized to permit an operator to select the program for viewing only, or viewing and the preparation of a copy of the program. In an alternate embodiment, the operator may also select and the receiver permit the preparation of a copy inhibited tape. With this receiver, first run movies may be displayed on a tape or view basis without destroying the after-market for the film.

Abstract: An antenna horn of molded plastic construction. The horn may be constructed of multiple sections, each section being of molded plastic construction with the sections joined to form the horn.

Abstract: An antenna system for a television reception only antenna includes an integral declination adjustment comprising an upper and lower curvilinear surface as part of the superstructure supporting the main reflector dish with an upper and lower pad rotatably mounted to a pivot tube providing surfaces matching the curvilinear surfaces against which the main reflector dish rests. Slots and holes are cut into the matching surfaces and a pair of nut and bolt assemblies extending through the slots and holes secure the surfaces once the proper declination angle has been achieved.

Abstract: An antenna for receiving satellite broadcast television reception only (TVRO) programming, includes a main reflector dish, a pivot tube for pivotally mounting the reflector dish from a support, and an integrally formed azimuth track and drive comprising an arcuate track bolted to the back of the reflector dish with a trolley drive which engages the pivotal mount to drive the reflector dish along the azimuth to move the dish from satellite to satellite. The integral track and drive rides freely in the vertical direction on the pivotal mount to permit adjustment of the declination and elevation of the main reflector dish without disassembly or removal of the azimuth track and drive.

Abstract: Improved ethylene polymer fibrils are provided which are characterized in having:(a) a melt temperature of at least about 137.degree. C.,(b) a molecular weight of at least 250,000,(c) at least about 1.2 weight % of polyvinyl alcohol sorbed thereon, and(d) a zero-span breaking length of at least about 25,000.

Abstract: A process for the selective recovery of tar sand bitumen from tar sands using a two-solvent system comprising a halogenated aliphatic solvent in combination with a second solvent selected from an oxygenated compound. The process provides for an inexpensive method for selectively removing substantially metal-free tar sand bitumen from tar sands. The bitumen so recovered renders the same amenable to catalytic desulfurization and upgrading processes.

Abstract: A process for preparing olefin polymer fibrils is disclosed. A high molecular weight ethylene polymer is dissolved in methylene chloride in a first zone that is heated to develop a superatmospheric pressure. The polymer solution is fed to a second zone which is maintained at atmospheric pressure. The polymer solution is discharged into vigorously stirred isopropanol to form fibrils. Polymer solvent is distilled from the resulting slurry. The fibrils are refined in the isopropanol slurry. The polymer solvent and the isopropanol are recycled to the process.

Abstract: A process for separating tar and solid particles from coal liquefaction products using a highly selective halogenated aliphatic solvent which removes essentially all of the tar and solid particles from the coal liquefaction products wherein a minimum amount of energy is used. This is accomplished by contacting said coal liquefaction products with the halogenated aliphatic solvent to form two phases, one containing said tar and solid particles and the other containing said solvent and the remainder of said coal liquefaction products.

Abstract: A process for increasing the fuel yield of coal liquefaction products by extracting the asphaltenes, resins and aromatic compounds from said coal liquefaction products. This is accomplished by contacting said coal liquefaction products with a halogenated aliphatic solvent to form two phases, one containing tar and the other containing said solvent and the remainder of said coal liquefaction products, separating said phases from each other and treating said tar phase with a second solvent to recover asphaltenes, resins and/or aromatics in said tar phase. The resulting asphaltenes, resins and/or aromatics are suitable for upgrading to produce additional synthetic fuel.