Abstract: This invention is a system and method for allocating and monetizing resources on a 5G infrastructure. A service manager module receiving a slice request from a client. A real-time analytics engine gauges the optimum resource path which then then requested from a resource manager. A slice offer for the resource is made to the client which is accepted. The service manager module sends a post to a distributed ledger, the post comprising a client identification, a slice identification, a provider identification, a service request, a QOS parameter, a transaction identification, a cost of service and a timestamp. Scripting software running on top of the ledger platform automatically transacts payment for the resource from the client to the provider.

Abstract: A gas seal to seal an oxygen-rich process gas within a compressor or expander, including a rotor component having a rotating element and a stator component having a stationary element. Wherein at least a portion of the rotating element includes the teeth of a first labyrinth seal. Wherein the first labyrinth seal is part of a first sealing zone. Wherein at least a portion of the stationary element includes the teeth of a second labyrinth seal. Wherein the second labyrinth seal is part of a second sealing zone.

Abstract: A method for sealing an oxygen-rich process gas within a compressor or expander, including providing a rotor component having a rotating element and providing a stator component having a stationary element. Introducing a seal gas into the first sealing zone and introducing a buffer gas into the second sealing zone. Wherein at least a portion of the rotating element includes the teeth of a first labyrinth seal. Wherein the first labyrinth seal is part of a first sealing zone. Wherein at least a portion of the stationary element includes the teeth of a second labyrinth seal. And wherein the second labyrinth seal is part of a second sealing zone.

Abstract: SMS services are provided to roaming mobile devices at visiting networks. This invention implements interworking between VoLTE and circuit-switched (CS) SMS and handles roaming towards both the VPLMN (visited public land mobile network) and HPLMN (home public land mobile network). The interworking function translates CS signals from the VPLMN into IMS signals for the IMS core at the HPLMN and performs location-update registration at the HSS at the HPLMN to exchange SMS communications.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing a VoLTE and circuit switched voice and SMS interworking function to provide voice and SMS service to roaming mobile devices at visiting network based on Circuit-switched (CS) roaming towards VPLMN, and VoLTE voice and SMS roaming towards HPLMN. The interworking function translates CS signaling with VPLMN into IMS signaling towards IMS core at HPLMN. The interworking function also performs location-update registration at HSS at HPLMN for receiving mobile-terminated voice calls and SMS.

Abstract: A method and system for steering a mobile device to a preferred network, such as a Private LTE network or a 5G network, in a scenario in which the coverage area of the preferred network overlaps the coverage area of a non-preferred network. If a network function detects that the mobile device is located within the coverage area of the preferred network, the network steering procedure will be triggered. The mobile device will detach from its current network, place that network on a temporary forbidden list, and perform an automatic network selection. If mobile device selects another non-preferred network, the attachment request will be denied, and the mobile device will add that non-preferred network to the temporary forbidden list. This procedure is repeated until the mobile device attaches to the preferred network or a predefined duration expires.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing Transport Layer Security (TLS) Routing Agent in an Internet Protocol Exchange (IPX) network for 5G core roaming. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connections are established between the TLS Routing Agent and consumer Security Edge Protection Proxy (cSEPP) and producer Security Edge Protection Proxy (pSEPP). TLS Routing Agent receives HTTP/2 CONNECT request from cSEPP. The TLS Routing Agent routes subsequent TLS handshake and HTTP/2 application messages to producer-SEPP transparently, so that the end-to-end TLS security is maintained. The TLS Routing Agent enables message firewall to protect mobile operator's SEPP. The TLS Routing Agent applies policy routing to route HTTP/2 message intelligently across the IPX network and improves TCP performance by dividing the long Round-Trip-Time between TCP end points into shorter segments.

Abstract: A method and system for steering a mobile device to a preferred network, such as a Private LTE network or a 5G network, in a scenario in which the coverage area of the preferred network overlaps the coverage area of a non-preferred network. If a network function detects that the mobile device is located within the coverage area of the preferred network, the network steering procedure will be triggered. The mobile device will detach from its current network, place that network on a temporary forbidden list, and perform an automatic network selection. If mobile device selects another non-preferred network, the attachment request will be denied, and the mobile device will add that non-preferred network to the temporary forbidden list. This procedure is repeated until the mobile device attaches to the preferred network or a predefined duration expires.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing Transport Layer Security (TLS) Routing Agent in an Internet Protocol Exchange (IPX) network for 5G core roaming. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connections are established between the TLS Routing Agent and consumer Security Edge Protection Proxy (cSEPP) and producer Security Edge Protection Proxy (pSEPP). TLS Routing Agent receives HTTP/2 CONNECT request from cSEPP. The TLS Routing Agent routes subsequent TLS handshake and HTTP/2 application messages to producer-SEPP transparently, so that the end-to-end TLS security is maintained. The TLS Routing Agent enables message firewall to protect mobile operator's SEPP. The TLS Routing Agent applies policy routing to route HTTP/2 message intelligently across the IPX network and improves TCP performance by dividing the long Round-Trip-Time between TCP end points into shorter segments.

Abstract: A method for steering a mobile device to a preferred network, such as a Private LTE network or a 5G network, in a scenario in which the coverage area of the preferred network overlaps the coverage area of a non-preferred network. A preferred network list is provisioned into a SIM/eSIM module at the mobile device side. The steering application is hosted at the home network and periodically triggers the home network to request from the visited network a set of values for attributes associated with a current location of the mobile device. Based on these values, the steering application determines whether the mobile device is within the coverage area of the preferred network and, if so, directs the home network to send a cancel location request to the non-preferred visited network, thereby triggering the mobile device to attach to the preferred network.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing a VoLTE and circuit switched voice and SMS interworking function to provide voice and SMS service to roaming mobile devices at visiting network based on VoLTE roaming and ‘SMS over SGs’ towards VPLMN, and circuit-switched voice and SMS towards HPLMN. The interworking function enables and redirects IMS traffic at VPLMN towards a hosted IMS core with voice connectivity to PSTN via MGCF and MGW. The interworking function also performs circuit-switched location-update registration at HLR at HPLMN for receiving mobile-terminated voice calls and SMS.

Abstract: A method for steering a mobile device to a preferred network, such as a Private LTE network or a 5G network, in a scenario in which the coverage area of the preferred network overlaps the coverage area of a non-preferred network. A preferred network list is provisioned into a SIM/eSIM module at the mobile device side. The steering application is hosted at the home network and periodically triggers the home network to request from the visited network a set of values for attributes associated with a current location of the mobile device. Based on these values, the steering application determines whether the mobile device is within the coverage area of the preferred network and, if so, directs the home network to send a cancel location request to the non-preferred visited network, thereby triggering the mobile device to attach to the preferred network.

Abstract: A system and method for routing of 5G mobile data traffic along a routing path in an Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) network having requisite Quality of Service (QoS). A proxy is deployed in the IPX network to intercept Session Create request and response messages exchanges between the home network and the visited network. The routing platform extracts Single-Network Slice Selection Assistance Information (S-NSSAI) attribute and uses this attribute and the geographic locations of the visited network and the home network to select a routing path in the IPX network having requisite QoS for the network slice use case. The routing platform uses layer-3 routing technique to anchor User Plane Function (UPF) Proxies deployed at different routing paths in the IPX network. Alternately, the routing platform uses layer-2 routing technique, with Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controller and SDN-switches to route traffic via the selected routing path in the IPX network.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing Network Function (NF) Proxy in an IPX network for 5G core roaming. NF Discover queries from Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN) are manipulated such that the IPX NF Proxy's fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is returned as the FQDN of the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) NF. NF Proxy queries the FQDN of a true HPLMN NF through a HPLMN Network Repository Function (NRF) Proxy. Application messages are routed to NF Proxy hosted in the IPX network. NF Proxy performs its proxy function and routes egress messages to the target NF in HPLMN or another location.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing a VoLTE and circuit switched voice and SMS interworking function to provide voice and SMS service to roaming mobile devices at visiting network based on VoLTE roaming and ‘SMS over SGs’ towards VPLMN, and circuit-switched voice and SMS towards HPLMN. The interworking function enables and redirects IMS traffic at VPLMN towards a hosted IMS core with voice connectivity to PSTN via MGCF and MGW. The interworking function also performs circuit-switched location-update registration at HLR at HPLMN for receiving mobile-terminated voice calls and SMS.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing a VoLTE and circuit switched voice and SMS interworking function to provide voice and SMS service to roaming mobile devices at visiting network based on VoLTE roaming and ‘SMS over SGs’ towards VPLMN, and circuit-switched voice and SMS towards HPLMN. The interworking function enables and redirects IMS traffic at VPLMN towards a hosted IMS core with voice connectivity to PSTN via MGCF and MGW. The interworking function also performs circuit-switched location-update registration at HLR at HPLMN for receiving mobile-terminated voice calls and SMS.

Abstract: This invention is a system and method for implementing a VoLTE and circuit switched voice and SMS interworking function to provide voice and SMS service to roaming mobile devices at visiting network based on VoLTE roaming and ‘SMS over SGs’ towards VPLMN, and circuit-switched voice and SMS towards HPLMN. The interworking function enables and redirects IMS traffic at VPLMN towards a hosted IMS core with voice connectivity to PSTN via MGCF and MGW. The interworking function also performs circuit-switched location-update registration at HLR at HPLMN for receiving mobile-terminated voice calls and SMS.

Abstract: A system and method for routing of 5G mobile data traffic along a routing path in an Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) network having requisite Quality of Service (QoS). A proxy is deployed in the IPX network to intercept Session Create request and response messages exchanges between the home network and the visited network. The routing platform extracts Single-Network Slice Selection Assistance Information (S-NSSAI) attribute and uses this attribute and the geographic locations of the visited network and the home network to select a routing path in the IPX network having requisite QoS for the network slice use case. The routing platform uses layer-3 routing technique to anchor User Plane Function (UPF) Proxies deployed at different routing paths in the IPX network. Alternately, the routing platform uses layer-2 routing technique, with Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controller and SDN-switches to route traffic via the selected routing path in the IPX network.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing Steering of Roaming for 5G core roaming in an Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) network. A Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)/2 Proxy is deployed in an IPX network. The HTTP/2 Proxy receives N32-f request message from a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN). The N32-f request has an embedded N12 authorization request message or an embedded N8 registration request message. If VPLMN is a non-preferred roaming partner, the HTTP/2 Proxy appends a patch-request to N32-f request message and routes it to the Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN). The patch-request causes the home Security Edge Protection Proxy (hSEPP) to replace Mobile Country Code (MCC) or Mobile Network Code (MNC) value with a predefined value that will trigger a rejection from HPLMN. The mobile device will select another VPLMN. If the VPLMN is a preferred roaming partner, the HTTP/2 Proxy routes the request without appending a patch-request.

Abstract: A method and system for steering a mobile device to a preferred network, such as a Private LTE network or a 5G network, in a scenario in which the coverage area of the preferred network overlaps the coverage area of a non-preferred network, such as a 3G or a 4G Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). A preferred network list is provisioned into a SIM/eSIM module at the mobile device side. The mobile device periodically collects a set of values for attributes associated with a current location of the mobile device and reports the collected values to the Steering application, hosted at the network side. The Steering application detects whether the mobile device is within the coverage area of the preferred network and, if so, triggers the mobile device to perform network steering.