Abstract: Apparatus for reading an RFID tag includes an RF-blocking enclosure having a port and adapted to receive through the port a non-RFID-active object having an RFID tag affixed thereto. An RFID reader has a reader antenna located outside the enclosure. The antenna transmits an RF downlink signal in a particular direction. An RF grating is arranged between the reader antenna and the port so that, after the enclosure receives the object having the tag, the port is located in the transmit direction from the reader antenna, and RF energy transmitted from the reader antenna has a selected linear polarization after passing through the grating.

Abstract: A method of verifying the identification of fluids to be supplied successively through a fluid-supply hose that selectively connects to successive movable, RFID-tagged fluid containers includes providing an RFID reading unit including an antenna. A sequence of reference container identification codes is received. A container-present indication indicating one of the containers is positioned so that its RFID tag is in the antenna range is received. In response, the RFID tag of that container is read using the RFID reading unit to determine an identification code of the container. A controller automatically verifies the determined container identification code against the first reference identification code in the sequence using a controller. The starting through verifying steps are repeated, using successive values from the sequence in the verifying step, until all values in the sequence have been verified against container identification codes read using the RFID reading unit.

Abstract: A method of reading an RFID tag using an RFID reader includes providing an RF-blocking enclosure having a port. The RFID reader has an antenna located within the enclosure. The enclosure is positioned so that the port is adjacent to a conductive surface and the RFID tag is within the enclosure. The RFID reader is activated at a selected read power level to read the tag in the enclosure.

Abstract: An active RFID tag has an antenna inside RF-blocking enclosure having a port with a selected shortest dimension. An RFID reader located outside the enclosure at a reader position transmits a downlink RF signal through the port as a directional RF signal on a downlink carrier frequency corresponding to a downlink wavelength smaller than the selected shortest dimension. The port is selectively configured so that the directional downlink RF signal can pass through the port in an access mode during a selected access time interval and are attenuated by at least 60 dB in a restricted mode during a selected restricted time interval that does not overlap with the access time interval.

Abstract: Non-RFID-active units in a space are marked by affixing RFID tags. Two tags are affixed to each unit, each tag having a directional antenna. The antennas are oriented to define a per-unit reader location. Units are arranged in the space so the per-unit reader locations at least partially overlap to define a reader location. The units in the space can also be detected by an RFID reader located in the overlapping per-unit reader locations. A controller can compare a received list of tag identities corresponding to units expected to be in the container to the identities of the tags read to determine whether the expected units are in the container and disposed at positions and with orientations that cause the respective per-unit reader locations to at least partially overlap with the reader location.

Abstract: An active RFID tag has an antenna inside RF-blocking enclosure having a port with a selected shortest dimension. An RFID reader located outside the enclosure at a reader position transmits a downlink RF signal through the port as a directional RF signal on a downlink carrier frequency corresponding to a downlink wavelength smaller than the selected shortest dimension. The port is selectively configured so that the directional downlink RF signal can pass through the port in an access mode during a selected access time interval and are attenuated by at least 60 dB in a restricted mode during a selected restricted time interval that does not overlap with the access time interval.

Abstract: Apparatus for reading an RFID tag includes an RF-blocking enclosure having a port and adapted to receive through the port a non-RFID-active object having an RFID tag affixed thereto. An RFID reader has a reader antenna located outside the enclosure. The antenna transmits an RF downlink signal in a particular direction. An RF grating is arranged between the reader antenna and the port so that, after the enclosure receives the object having the tag, the port is located in the transmit direction from the reader antenna, and RF energy transmitted from the reader antenna has a selected linear polarization after passing through the grating.

Abstract: An RFID system includes an RFID reader with a tag antenna located at a reader location. An RFID tag includes a controller and an antenna. An RF-blocking enclosure spaced apart from the RFID reader includes a port having first and second spaced-apart apertures. The enclosure is positioned with respect to the reader location to define a tag-antenna location at which an interference pattern of a downlink signal from the reader passing through the port provides a selected downlink power at the tag-antenna location, and an interference pattern of an uplink signal from the tag passing through the port provides a selected uplink power at the reader location. The tag antenna is located in the enclosure at the tag-antenna location.

Abstract: A method of reading an RFID tag using an RFID reader includes providing an RF-blocking enclosure having a port. The RFID reader has an antenna located within the enclosure. The enclosure is positioned so that the port is adjacent to a conductive surface and the RFID tag is within the enclosure. The RFID reader is activated at a selected read power level to read the tag in the enclosure.

Abstract: Apparatus for identifying fluid to be supplied through an RFID-tagged fluid-supply hose. The hose connects to one of several movable, RFID-tagged fluid containers. A fluid station includes a plurality of antenna mounts at fixed locations so that a respective plurality of fluid-container locations is defined. An RFID reading unit connects to antennas on the mounts. A controller reads the respective RFID tags of the hose and of the containers in the fluid-container locations using the RFID reading unit. It then determines which of the plurality of movable fluid containers is positioned in the fluid-container location corresponding to the antenna range in which the fluid-supply hose is positioned, so that the fluid in the determined fluid container is identified as the fluid to be supplied through the fluid-supply hose.

Abstract: RFID tags are read using an RFID reader. A non-RFID-active object has two RFID tags affixed thereto at respective, different tag locations. Each tag has a respective directional antenna steered in a respective, different direction. Respective directional propagation patterns are thus defined and a reader location is defined in the intersection of the propagation patterns. An RFID reader with a reader antenna located at the reader location is provided. The RFID reader is activated to read both tags.

Abstract: A method of verifying the identification of fluid to be supplied through an RFID-tagged fluid-supply hose adapted to connect to a movable, RFID-tagged fluid container includes providing an RFID reading unit including an antenna, so that the respective RFID tags of the container and the hose are within a range of the antenna. The RFID tag of the container is read using the RFID reading unit to determine an identification code of the container. The RFID tag of the fluid-supply hose is read using the RFID reading unit to determine an identification code of the hose. A controller automatically verifies the determined identification code of the container against the determined identification code of the hose.

Abstract: Non-RFID-active units in a space are marked by affixing RFID tags. Two tags are affixed to each unit, each tag having a directional antenna. The antennas are oriented to define a per-unit reader location. Units are arranged in the space so the per-unit reader locations at least partially overlap to define a reader location. The units in the space can also be detected by an RFID reader located in the overlapping per-unit reader locations. A controller can compare a received list of tag identities corresponding to units expected to be in the container to the identities of the tags read to determine whether the expected units are in the container and disposed at positions and with orientations that cause the respective per-unit reader locations to at least partially overlap with the reader location.

Abstract: Apparatus for identifying fluid to be supplied through one of a plurality of RFID-tagged fluid-supply hoses that selectively connect to a movable, RFID-tagged fluid container includes a fluid station including an antenna mount at a fixed location so that a fluid-container location is defined. An RFID reading unit is connected to an antenna on the mount. A controller reads the RFID tag of the movable fluid container positioned in the fluid-container location using the RFID reading unit and reads the RFID tag(s) attached to one or more of the fluid-supply hoses whose respective tag(s) are positioned in the antenna range. The controller then determines which of the plurality of fluid-supply hoses is positioned in the antenna range, so that the fluid in the fluid container is identified as the fluid to be supplied through the determined fluid-supply hose.

Abstract: A method of verifying the identification of fluids to be supplied successively through a fluid-supply hose that selectively connects to successive movable, RFID-tagged fluid containers includes providing an RFID reading unit including an antenna. A sequence of reference container identification codes is received. A container-present indication indicating one of the containers is positioned so that its RFID tag is in the antenna range is received. In response, the RFID tag of that container is read using the RFID reading unit to determine an identification code of the container. A controller automatically verifies the determined container identification code against the first reference identification code in the sequence using a controller. The starting through verifying steps are repeated, using successive values from the sequence in the verifying step, until all values in the sequence have been verified against container identification codes read using the RFID reading unit.

Abstract: A replenishable merchandising display requires the product to be displayed for sale be loaded into modular receptacles at the manufacturer and that a merchandising display for receiving the modular receptacles be shipped to a retailer. The retailer then loads the modular receptacles containing product into the merchandising display and eventually replenishes the merchandising display once the product is depleted.

Abstract: A method of replenishing a merchandising display and a merchandising display each requires the product to be displayed for sale be loaded into modular receptacles at the manufacturer and that a merchandising display for receiving the modular receptacles be shipped to a retailer. The retailer then loads the modular receptacles containing product into the merchandising display and eventually replenishes the merchandising display once the product is depleted.

Abstract: A replenishable merchandising display requires the product to be displayed for sale be loaded into modular receptacles at the manufacturer and that a merchandising display for receiving the modular receptacles be shipped to a retailer. The retailer then loads the modular receptacles containing product into the merchandising display and eventually replenishes the merchandising display once the product is depleted.