Abstract: The metal concentration in a liquid hydrocarbon stream can be reduced to no more than 0.1 parts per billion by contacting the stream sequentially with a cation exchange resin and a silver-impregnated zeolitic molecular sieve, preferably in that order. The method is particularly useful for removal of mercury and antimony from liquified petroleum gas.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalytic composite and a process for reducing the ignition temperature of diesel soot. The process comprises contacting an exhaust gas from a diesel engine, which exhaust contains diesel soot, with a catalytic composite. The composite comprises a sulfur resistant refractory inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of titania, zirconia, silica, silica-alumina and alumina which has been treated to be sulfur resistant, i.e. alumina treated with titania, zirconia, etc. which has deposited thereon at least one catalytic element selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd and Rh. The inorganic oxide may be deposited on ceramic or metallic traps.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing the ignition temperature of diesel soot. The process comprises contacting a hot exhaust from a diesel engine, which exhaust contains diesel soot, with a catalytic composite. The composite comprises a particulate filter coated with a sulfur resistant refractory inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of titania, zirconia, silica, silica-alumina and alumina which has been treated to be sulfur resistant, i.e. alumina treated with titania, zirconia, tungsten oxide, etc. This coated ceramic trap has deposited thereon at least one catalytic element or compound selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, and Rh.

Abstract: Alkylamine compounds which contain at least two alkyl substituents containing from about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms may be alkylated at temperatures ranging from about 50.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from about 20 to about 300 atmospheres in the presence of a metal carbonyl or a metal compound capable of forming a carbonyl at reaction conditions.

Abstract: Alcohol may be synthesized by treating olefinic hydrocarbons with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation zone utilizing a rhodium complex catalyst to effect the reaction. Following formation of the alcohol, the catalyst may be extracted from the alcohol by treatment with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. Thereafter the aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution containing the catalyst is then stripped of ammonia by treatment with carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide containing gas. The aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution containing the rhodium complex catalyst is then stripped of a portion of water and the remaining solution is thereafter recycled to the hydroformylation zone.

Abstract: Alcohols may be synthesized by treating an olefinic hydrocarbon with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation zone using a rhodium complex catalyst and an amine modifier to effect the reaction. Following the formation of the alcohol, a catalyst may be extracted from said alcohol by treatment with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. Following this, the aqueous ammonium solution containing the rhodium catalyst is subjected to an extraction process utilizing the amine modifier as the extractant and thereafter recycling the rhodium complex catalyst and amine modifier to the hydroformylation zone.

Abstract: Catalysts which comprise metal carbonyls or organometallic complexes in which the metal portion of the complex is selected from a Group VIII metal are useful in hydroformylation reactions. The catalysts which are homogeneous in nature may be recovered from the hydroformylation products by treating the catalyst complex with a nitrogen-containing compound in an aqueous phase whereby said catalyst may be easily separated from the hydroformylation products and recovered.

Abstract: Unsaturated hydrocarbyl halide compounds such as vinyl chloride may be polymerized by treating the compounds at a temperature in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 200.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from atmospheric to about 100 atmospheres in the presence of a catalyst comprising a Group VIB metal carbonyl as exemplified by molybdenum hexacarbonyl.

Abstract: Alcohol may be synthesized from olefinic hydrocarbons by treating the hydrocarbon with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation zone using a rhodium complex catalyst to effect the reaction. Following formation of the alcohol, the catalyst may be extracted from the alcohol by treatment with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. The aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution containing the catalyst is then stripped of ammonia by treatment with a stripping agent such as carbon monoxide. A major portion of the alcohol is recovered while the remaining portion is used as an extractant to recover the rhodium complex catalyst from the aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution and thereafter is recycled to the hydroformylation zone.

Abstract: Amino substituted aromatic compounds may be prepared by treating the corresponding nitro substituted aromatic compound at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalytic composition of matter comprising metal catalyst complexes selected from the group consisting of metal phthalocyanines and metal carbonyls in which the metal portion of the compound is a Group VIII metal. Reaction conditions which may be employed will include temperatures ranging from about 90.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from about 5 to about 5000 atmospheres.

Abstract: Highly active catalysts may be prepared by admixing a macrocyclic metal complex with a solid support followed by shaping the resulting admixture and subjecting said admixture to a calcining step at an elevated temperature in the range of from about 400.degree. to about 700.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere. The preparation process is exemplified by the admixture of alumina hydrous oxide with chlororhodium phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate, extruding the catalyst, drying, and thereafter calcining the admixture at a temperature of about 500.degree. C. to provide a catalyst complex.

Abstract: Alkyl pyridines may be synthesized from a mixture of ethylene, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and ammonia by reacting the mixture in the presence of metal catalyst complexes selected from the group consisting of metal phthalocyanines and metal carbonyls which act as a catalyst for the reaction at temperatures which may range from about 50.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from about 10 atmospheres to about 300 atmospheres.

Abstract: Ammonia may be produced by the catalytic reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen, said reaction being effected in the presence of an activated transition metal macrocyclic compound. The catalyst is exemplified by cobalt phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate which has been activated by the application of a reductive potential in the range of from about -1.0 to about -3.0 volts, an example of this being by treatment with sodium borohydride. If so desired, the reaction may be effected in an inert solvent such as a paraffin, alcohol, etc.

Abstract: The carbonylation of alcohols in which an alcohol is treated with carbon monoxide may be improved by the use of a heterogeneous catalyst (namely, a chlorohodium phthalocyanine catalyst) promoted by a sulfonic acid or sulfonate group (either attached to the phthalocyanine compound or to an added organic compound) and an alkyl iodide.

Abstract: The hydroformylation of olefinic hydrocarbons is effected by treating the hydrocarbon with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises a cobalt-containing compound chemically bonded to a zeolite-alumina hydrosol dispersion. The reaction is effected at temperatures ranging from about 70.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from about 1 to about 500 atmospheres.

Abstract: A hydroformylation process is disclosed which comprises hydroformylating an olefinic compound possessing an alpha olefinic double bond with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a Group IB metal phthalocyanine compound or said compound dispersed on a solid support.

Abstract: A hydroformylation process comprising the treatment of an unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst system comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of a rhenium, rhodium, cobalt, ruthenium, iridium and osmium phthalocyanine compound is disclosed.

Abstract: An unsaturated compound is subjected to a hydroformylation reaction which comprises reacting said unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing a rhenium complex.

Abstract: Polyalkoxyalkyl compounds are prepared from the treatment of an olefinic compound with an epoxide in an atmosphere of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal-containing compound.