Abstract: A separating material formed by a solid substrate having a substrate surface, primary or secondary amines coupled to the substrate surface, and a graft polymer formed on the substrate by covalently coupling the primary or secondary amines with a thermally labile radical initiator and subsequently contacting the substrate surface with a solution of one or more polymerizable monomers. Methods for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, blood plasma or blood serum employing the separating material, for affinity adsorption, ion-exchange adsorption, hydrophobic adsorption, or hydrophilic adsorption employing the separating material, and a separating column employing the separating material are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separating material producable by a) providing a solid substrate, having amino-functional groups coupled to the substrate surface, b) covalently coupling of the amino-functional groups with a thermally labile radical initiator, c) contacting the substrate surface with a solution of polymerizable monomers under conditions, where thermally initiated graft copolymerization of the monomers takes place, to form a structure of adjacent functional polymer chains on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of chromatography columns or capillaries containing sorbents of monolithic mouldings which can remain directly in their gelation mould after production. This is achieved by the process according to the invention, in which the gelation mould is repeatedly filled with the monomer sol.

Abstract: The invention concerns the preparation of azlactone-derivatized polyamides which are obtained by reacting polyamides with a solution containing an azabicyclo compound and a vinyl azlactone derivative of formula (I), in which R1, R2 and R3, independently of one another, designate H or CH3; and R4 and R5, independently of each other, designate H or C1 to C3 alkyl. These azlactone-derivatized polyamides can be used to bond amino-group-containing compounds to a matrix. Examples of these polyamides include affinity carriers and immobilized enzymes.

Abstract: Activated support materials are provided containing oxirane or azlactone groups as substituents in linear polymers as activated groups. A base support containing hydroxyl groups is suspended in a solution containing cerium (IV) ions and a monomer containing an oxirane or azlactone group, and grafting polymerization is carrier out to produce a polymer containing oxirane or azlactone groups covalently bonded to the base support. Azlactone groups can be bonded to the base support via a thioether bond by using a base support containing thiol groups. The activated support materials can be used to prepare affinity supports containing an affinity ligand that is thiophilic or possesses a metal chelating group, or to prepare immobilized enzymes. The ligand can be iminodiacetic acid, or can be obtained by reacting an oxirane group of the support material with NaHS, and reacting the resultant product with divinylsulfone followed by reacting with mercaptoethanol.

Abstract: The invention relates to separating materials based on supports containing hydroxyl groups, whose surface [sic] are coated with covalently bound polymers, and to processes for their preparation. The separating materials are characterized in that the polymers consist of identical recurring units of the formula I.brket open-st.CH.sub.2 --CHX.brket close-st..sub.n (I)in whichX is CO--NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3 H andn is 2-100.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymerisable double-bond derived polyamides obtainable by reacting the polyamide in an aqueous solution with a compound which contains both a polymerisable double bond and an oxirane ring. These derived polyamides may be processed to provide graft polymers with improved properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to activated support materials which comprise epoxy-substituted poly(meth)acrylamides, characterized in that:a) the base support contains aliphatic hydroxyl groups,b) the covalently bonded polymers are bonded to the support via a terminal monomer unit,c) the polymers contain monomer units of the formula I,d) the monomer units are linearly linked, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H or alkyl having 1-5 carbon atomsandn is an integer between 1 and 5 and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to sorbents for for ?sic! affinity chromatography which are based on hydroxyl-containing base supports on whose surfaces polymers are covalently bonded, characterized in thata) the base support contains aliphatic hydroxyl groups,b) the covalently bonded polymers are bound to the base support by a terminal monomer unit,c) the polymers contain monomer units of the formula IId) the monomer units are linked linearly, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl,n is an integer between 1 and 5 andone of the radicals X is OH and the other radical X is a nucleoside-containing radical,and to their preparation and use, especially for affinity chromatography.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for gel permeation chromatography and to support materials for this method based on hydroxyl-containing base supports onto whose surfaces polymers are covalently bonded, whereina) the base support comprises aliphatic hydroxyl groups,b) the covalently bonded polymers are bonded to the support via a terminal monomer unit,c) the linear polymers comprise monomer units of formula II,d) the polymers are crosslinked by ether bridges ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl andn is an integer between 1 and 5.

Abstract: The invention relates to separation materials for ion exchange chromatography which are based on hydroxyl-containing base supports on whose surfaces polymers are covalently bonded, characterized in thata) the base support contains aliphatic hydroxyl groups,b) the covalently bonded polymers are bonded to the base support via a terminal monomer unit,c) the polymers contain monomer units of both the formula II and the formula III,d) the monomer units are linked linearly, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl,n is an integer between 1 and 5,one radical X is OH and the other radical X is NR.sup.5 R.sup.6, N.sup.+ R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 or SO.sub.3 H, andR.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently of one another are C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, it also being possible for one or both radicals R.sup.5 and/or R.sup.6 to be H.

Abstract: The invention concerns stationary phases for use in hydrophobic interaction chromatography, the stationary phases being based on hydroxy-group-containing support materials on whose surfaces polymers are covalently bound. The stationary phases are characterized in that:a) the support material contains aliphatic hydroxy groups;b) the polymers are covalently bound to the support material through a terminal monomer unit;c) the polymers contain monomer units of formula (II) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are, independently of each other, H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl,n is an integer between 1 and 5,one X radical is OH and the other X radical is Z--R.sup.5,Z is O or NH,andR.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.25 -aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.25 -alkylaryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.25 -arylalkyl which is optionally derivatized, once or more than once, with nitrile or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkoxy, where one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.

Abstract: A dual-circuit pressure medium brake system is equipped with relay valves disposed ahead of the brake cylinders. Each brake circuit is equipped with a control also acting in the other circuit and overlapping each other, and a primary brake circuit is designed in such a way that it contains all control elements necessary for optimal brake pressure adaptation, while a secondary brake circuit is merely an auxiliary brake circuit without control elements. In this manner each brake pressure metering can be simultaneously adjusted. During the loss of the primary brake circuit, the secondary brake circuit guarantees a minimal brake pressure. Such a pressure medium brake system is preferably used in air brake systems of motor vehicles.

Abstract: A tractor-trailer braking system with a control valve for the trailer which is controllable by at least two service brake circuits of the tractor. One circuit of this multi-circuit control has an electrical control in the form of magnetic valves, or the like, in order to speed up the control process. The system may be combined with a load-dependent switching element and/or with an anti-skid protection-dependent switching element.

Abstract: A brake force regulating system for motor vehicles has a brake pedal, a brake regulator and transducers for ascertaining driving-situation variables which act upon the brake regulator. A desired value (Z.sub.s) of the deceleration (Z) of the motor vehicle is prespecified by the brake pedal; the actual value is ascertained; and the brake regulator is regulated by the deviation between the desired value and the actual value. Furthermore a regulation is provided in accordance with the slip between the road surface and the wheel.

Abstract: A pressure-medium brake system, which comprises multiple circuits and has associated with each brake cylinder or group of brake cylinders relay valves which are controllable by a control medium. Depending on the number of brake circuits and the kind of the respective control medium, the relay valves are provided with several, possibly different, control chambers. This results in an overlapping control which insures that each relay valve can even be controlled in the event that a control circuit has been lost. The brake system is preferably used in utility vehicles equipped with air brakes.

Abstract: A multi-circuit pressure medium brake system in which a pressure control valve is used which can be triggered in a multi-circuit manner. One of the controls is effected electrically and generally advances ahead of a pressure-medium control, so that when the system is functioning properly, the pressure-medium control remains without effect. Various modifications for the pressure control valve have been set forth and a plurality of combinations of switching members for meeting various pressure regulating conditions have been set forth. The multi-circuit pressure medium brake system is preferably applicable to motor vehicles.