Abstract: A system for directional detection of radiation, comprises a plurality of scintillating crystals, responsive to the radiation and being arranged three-dimensionally, with voids between adjacent crystals, such that there are crystals that are inner and crystals that are outer within the arrangement. The system also comprises a plurality of light sensors coupled to the crystals for receiving optical signals from the crystals and responsively generating electrical signals, and a data processor receiving an electrical signal separately from each light sensor and calculating a direction of the radiation based on relative intensities of the signals and mutual occultation among different crystals.

Abstract: A system for directional detection of radiation, comprises a plurality of scintillating crystals, responsive to the radiation and being arranged three-dimensionally, with voids between adjacent crystals, such that there are crystals that are inner and crystals that are outer within the arrangement. The system also comprises a plurality of light sensors coupled to the crystals for receiving optical signals from the crystals and responsively generating electrical signals, and a data processor receiving an electrical signal separately from each light sensor and calculating a direction of the radiation based on relative intensities of the signals and mutual occultation among different crystals.

Abstract: A nanosatellite with an illumination element, and an arrangement of nanosatellites in low earth orbit (LEO) arranged to controllably apply their illumination to be visible on the ground. The nanosatellites may be coordinated to provide illumination events visible on the ground at particular locations and particular times. Each nanosatellite has an illumination element that provides a sustained external illumination event being of at least momentary duration and to be visible from the ground. The event forms at least part of a display for viewing from the ground.

Abstract: A method and control system for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles to fly in coordinated manner, comprises arranging the unmanned aerial vehicles, each of which has an illumination element in a flying formation, and operating selected illumination elements to produce a display in which a pattern, shape or letters or words are detectable at a predetermined ground location.

Abstract: A ground based control system and method for controlling nanosatellites in low earth orbit to fly as an array, comprises arranging the nanosatellites, each of which has an illumination element in the array, and operating selected illumination elements to produce a display in which a pattern, shape or letters or words are detectable at a predetermined ground location.

Abstract: A ground-based satellite control station to control an array of nanosatellites in low earth orbit to produce an illumination event visible at a predetermined ground location. The nanosatellites in the array may have an illumination element, and array of nanosatellites in low earth orbit (LEO) may controllably apply their illumination to be visible on the ground. The nanosatellites may be coordinated by the control station to provide illumination events visible on the ground at particular locations and particular times.

Abstract: A nanosatellite with an illumination element, and an arrangement of nanosatellites in low earth orbit (LEO) arranged to controllably apply their illumination to be visible on the ground. The nanosatellites may be coordinated to provide illumination events visible on the ground at particular locations and particular times.

Abstract: A nanosatellite with an illumination element, and an arrangement of nanosatellites in low earth orbit (LEO) arranged to controllably apply their illumination to be visible on the ground. The nanosatellites may be coordinated to provide illumination events visible on the ground at particular locations and particular times.