Abstract: A monomolecular transistor including a first electrode including a first electrode layer and a first metal particle arranged at one end of the first electrode layer, a second electrode including a first electrode layer and a first metal particle arranged at one end of the first electrode layer, a third electrode insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode, a ?-conjugated molecule having a ?-conjugated skeleton. The first metal particle and the second metal particle face each other. The third electrode is arranged adjacent to the gap in which the first metal particle and the second metal particle face each other, and is spaced from the first metal particle and the second metal particle, the ?-conjugated molecule is arranged in a gap between the first metal particle and the second metal particle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically, spherocrystal) of a compound with good reproducibility. This method for producing a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically spherocrystal) of a compound comprises: (1) a step for preparing a supersaturated solution of a compound having a degree of supersaturation equal to or higher than a critical degree of supersaturation; and (2) a step for precipitating a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically spherocrystal) of a compound from the supersaturated solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically, spherocrystal) of a compound with good reproducibility. This method for producing a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically spherocrystal) of a compound comprises: (1) a step for preparing a supersaturated solution of a compound having a degree of supersaturation equal to or higher than a critical degree of supersaturation; and (2) a step for precipitating a specifically-shaped crystal (specifically spherocrystal) of a compound from the supersaturated solution.

Abstract: A monomolecular transistor including a first electrode including a first electrode layer and a first metal particle arranged at one end of the first electrode layer, a second electrode including a first electrode layer and a first metal particle arranged at one end of the first electrode layer, a third electrode insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode, a ?-conjugated molecule having a ?-conjugated skeleton. The first metal particle and the second metal particle face each other. The third electrode is arranged adjacent to the gap in which the first metal particle and the second metal particle face each other, and is spaced from the first metal particle and the second metal particle, the ?-conjugated molecule is arranged in a gap between the first metal particle and the second metal particle.

Abstract: A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R2 may exist, and each of R2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

Abstract: A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R2 may exist, and each of R2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

Abstract: A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R2 may exist, and each of R2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

Abstract: A highly pure optically active proton pump inhibitor compound can be produced safely and inexpensively in a high yield and enantioselectivity by a method of producing an optically active sulfoxide of Formula 2 or a salt thereof, comprising oxidizing a sulfide of Formula 1 or a salt thereof with hydrogen peroxide using an iron salt in the presence of a chiral ligand of Formula 3; wherein A is CH or N; R1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s); one to three R2 may exist, and each of R2 is independently an alkyl, a dialkylamino, or an alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen(s) or alkoxy(s); each of R3 is independently hydrogen atom, a halogen, cyano or the like; R4 is a tertiary alkyl; and * and ** represent respectively R configuration or S configuration.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to spherical water-dispersible amorphous particles having a particle diameter of 10-990 nm and a PDI of 0.01-0.5, wherein the amorphous particles contain an organic compound having a molecular weight of 50-1500, and a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion material comprising a fullerene derivative represented by the formula C60(R1)5(R2), wherein each R1 independently represents an organic group having a substituent; and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C30 hydrocarbon group. Further, the present invention also provides a photoelectric conversion device having a self-assembled monomolecular film of the photoelectric conversion material, and a solar cell having the photoelectric conversion device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device having at least a fullerene derivative as an electron acceptor and a compound as an electron donor between a pair of electrodes, wherein the fullerene derivative has 2 to 4 organic groups which each independently have 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein when the fullerene derivative has two organic groups, these organic groups do not bind to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device having at least a fullerene derivative as an electron acceptor and a compound as an electron donor between a pair of electrodes, wherein the fullerene derivative has 2 to 4 organic groups which each independently have 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein when the fullerene derivative has two organic groups, these organic groups do not bind to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion material comprising a fullerene derivative represented by the formula C60(R1)5(MLn), wherein: each R1 independently represents an organic group having a substituent; M represents a metal atom; L is a ligand of M; and n is the number of Ls. Further, the present invention also provides a photoelectric conversion device having a self-assembled monomolecular film of the photoelectric conversion material, and a solar cell having the photoelectric conversion device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fullerene derivative represented by the following formula (1): wherein in formula (1), R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted organic group or a hydrogen atom, and wherein in formulae (2) and (3): W is a single bond, C1-C11, alkylene, C2-C12 alkenylene, or C2-C12 alkynylene, wherein any —CH2— in the alkylene, alkenylene or alkynylene can be substituted with —O—, —S—, —COO—, or —OCO—; Z is an element belonging to group IVB; and R21 to R23 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C15 alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C15 alkynyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a fullerene derivative, comprising the organic group addition step B in which an organic group is further added by reacting at least a basic compound and a halogen compound with a fullerene derivative, which is obtained by addition of a hydrogen atom and an organic group in the organic group addition step A, in which an organic group is added by reacting at least a Grignard reagent and a polar substance with a fullerene or fullerene derivative.

Abstract: A contrast agent characterized in that each of carbon nanohorns forming a carbon nanohorn aggregate has an opening at the side wall or tip, wherein a metal M (at least one metal selected from among paramagnetic metals, ferromagnetic metals, and superparamagnetic metals) or a compound of the metal M is incorporated in or dispersed on each of the carbon nanohorns. A contrast agent characterized in that it contains a Gd oxide. There is provided a contrast agent, which can be mass-produced easily, and satisfies the requirement of low toxicity and enables microscopic diagnoses when used for MRI. A contrast agent characterized in that is contains a carbon nanohorn aggregate.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 15O-labeled monosaccharide useful for positron emission tomography (PET) and producing method thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device having at least a fullerene derivative as an electron acceptor and a compound as an electron donor between a pair of electrodes, wherein the fullerene derivative has 2 to 4 organic groups which each independently have 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and wherein when the fullerene derivative has two organic groups, these organic groups do not bind to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a fullerene derivative comprising reacting: a fullerene; an organometallic reagent (A) comprising B, Al, Zn, Sn, Pb, Te, Ti, Mn, Zr or Sm; and a copper compound (B).

Abstract: A problem of the present invention is to provide an economical process with minimized toxicity for producing an aromatic compound having a variety of substituents such as various alkyl groups, and the problem is solved by a process for production of an aromatic compound represented by formula (1) below, which comprises reacting a compound represented by formula (2) below with an aromatic magnesium reagent represented by formula (3a) below in the presence of an iron catalyst and a diamine compound: wherein R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or a C3-C10 saturated or unsaturated ring group; A is an optionally substituted C4-C20 aromatic group or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group; X is a halogen atom or a sulfonic acid ester; and Y1 is bromine, iodine, chlorine or a carbanion ligand.