Abstract: A hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission comprises a hydraulic motor coupled to an output shaft, a hydraulic pump coupled an input shaft, and a closed hydraulic circuit interconnecting the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic motor has an annular array of slidable motor plungers disposed around an axis of rotation thereof and slidably disposed in respective cylinder holes defined in the motor cylinder. The hydraulic motor also has a distribution ring supported on the fixed shaft and rotatable relatively to and slidable against an end face of the motor cylinder for introducing high-pressure oil successively into the cylinder holes and discharging oil successively from the cylinder holes in response to rotation of the motor cylinder.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission includes a hydraulic pump coupled to an input shaft, a hydraulic motor coupled to an output shaft, a closed hydraulic circuit interconnecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor, a hydraulic actuator for actuating a controlled member in the closed hydraulic circuit, an auxiliary pump connectable to the closed hydraulic circuit and the hydraulic actuator, a supply oil passage for supplying oil discharged from the auxiliary pump to the hydraulic actuator, and a control valve coupled between the supply oil passage, the closed hydraulic circuit, and an oil tank. The control valve comprises a hydraulic chamber communicating with the supply oil passage, a spring, and a spool disposed between the hydraulic chamber and the spring.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated continuously variable transmission includes a fixed shaft mounted in a transmission case, an output shaft rotatably supported in the transmission case, and a hydraulic motor coupled to the output shaft and having a motor cylinder and an annular array of slidable motor plungers disposed around an axis of rotation thereof and slidably disposed in respective cylinder holes defined in the motor cylinder. The hydraulic motor also has a distribution ring supported on the fixed shaft and rotatable relatively to and slidable against an end face of the motor cylinder for introducing high-pressure oil successively into the cylinder holes and discharging oil successively from the cylinder holes in response to rotation of the motor cylinder.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump are interconnected by a closed hydraulic circuit. A lubricating chamber is defined around the sliding surfaces of the swash plate and the plungers of at least one of the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. A hydraulically hermetic chamber is defined in surrounding relations to at least one of the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The hydraulically hermetic chamber is connected to a replenshing pump by a relief valve which is openable at a pressure level. A pressure control valve is disposed in a discharge passageway of the hydraulically hermetic chamber and openable at a first pressure level lower than the pressure level for the relief valve. In another embodiment, a second pressure control valve is connected to a junction between the first pressure control valve and the lubricating chamber and openable at a second pressure level lower than the second pressure level.

Abstract: An actuator has a pilot valve incorporated in a piston thereof which is slidably disposed in a cylinder tube, the piston having first and second piston lands slidably disposed in first and second coaxial cylinder chambers. A spool valve body has first and second spool lands slidably disposed in an inner hole in the piston. When the spool valve body is moved in one direction, a first axial passage in the piston communicates with a pressure sink through a first return port which is opened by the first spool land, and a second axial passage in the piston communicates with a portion of the inner hole in front of the second spool land through a second supply port which is opened by the second spool land.

Abstract: In a hydraulic transmission comprising: an input shaft connected to a flywheel of a crankshaft of an engine through a rotary container of a centrifugal oil filter; and an oil supply pump adapted to be driven by the input shaft, wherein the rotary container has its inside communicating at one side with a discharge port of the supply pump and at the other with a transmission oil circuit, a shock absorbing system characterized: in that a torque absorbing member is interposed between the rotary container connected to the input shaft and a thrust plate fitted rotatably on the outer circumference of the container, the torque absorbing member being adapted to be deformed in response to the relative rotations of the two; and in that the thrust plate is connected the flywheel.

Abstract: A lubricant chamber encloses the sliding contact portions of a slant plate and the plurality of shoes to confine lubricating oil therein. The lubricating oil is permitted to leak from the chamber at a rate greater than the rate of flow of oil from the pressure pockets formed on the sliding faces of the shoes.

Abstract: A swash plate type hydraulic device comprising a rotary shaft rotatably supported on a frame, a cylinder block mounted on the rotary shaft for rotation therewith, a plurality of cylinder bores formed in the cylinder block in a circular pattern around the axis of rotation thereof, a plurality of plungers slidably fitted in the cylinder bores so as to define hydraulic chambers, a swash plate mounted on the frame in an inclined manner with respect to the rotary shaft in opposing relation to the plungers, an annular shoe being in abutting engagement with the swash plate for relative rotation, a plurality of connecting rods operatively connecting the shoe and plungers, and a pair of synchronous gears respectively mounted on the cylinder block and shoe in meshing engagement with each other for synchronized rotation of the cylinder block and shoe. The connecting rods are universally jointed at one end thereof to the shoe and at the other end thereof to the plungers.

Abstract: A slant plate type hydraulic device is provided which comprises a frame, a cylinder rotatable mounted in the frame and a plurality of plunger means which are slidably fitted into the cylinder. The plunger means are positioned in a circular pattern around the axis of the cylinder. A holder means is provided, along with a slant plate means wherein the holder means holds the slant plate means such that the slant plate means and cylinder are rotatable with respect to one another. Also included is a plurality of shoe means, with each shoe means being universally, rotatably mounted on one of the plunger means, wherein the shoe means are in sliding contact with the slant plate means. Finally, biasing means are provided for holding the shoe means in contact with the plate means.

Abstract: A hydraulically actuated lockup clutch is arranged between the cores of the pump and turbine elements of a torque converter for directly coupling them together for operation above the clutch point. For engagement and disengagement of the lockup clutch, which can be of the multiplate type, the turbine element is moved toward and away from the pump element under the control of a control valve which selectively communicates a clutch actuating chamber within the converter with an external pump assembly and with a fluid drain. Alternatively, a clutch actuating chamber can be formed between the core of the pump or turbine element and a movable pressure plate, so that the latter may travel toward and away from the former for engagement and disengagement of the clutch.