Abstract: Substantially rectangular cut portions (11b) are formed at four substantially rectangular bent portions of a seal material (11) between an element substrate (10) and an opposing substrate (20), by removing the corners at the outer sides of the bent portions. Vertical electrically conducting members (13) are formed at the substantially triangular cut portion areas in order to allow electrical conduction between a signal input pad (18) on the element substrate and a transparent electrode (22) on the opposing substrate. The vertical electrically conducting members are virtually uniformly disposed along the outer periphery of the seal material.

Abstract: Substantially rectangular cut portions (11b) are formed at four substantially rectangular bent portions of a seal material (11) between an element substrate (10) and an opposing substrate (20), by removing the corners at the outer sides of the bent portions. Vertical electrically conducting members (13) are formed at the substantially triangular cut portion areas in order to allow electrical conduction between a signal input pad (18) on the element substrate and a transparent electrode (22) on the opposing substrate. The vertical electrically conducting members are virtually uniformly disposed along the outer periphery of the seal material.

Abstract: In an automatic telephone information retrieval system, each subscriber entry is encoded according to primary name, secondary name, primary address, secondary address, generic occupation and specific occupation. The entire contents of a local telephone directory may be electronically stored at memory addresses based upon the above encoding. Statistical methods are used to ensure a workable distribution of subscriber entries over the available memory addresses. The information is retrieved from memory by successively dividing the memory into "divided down" portions. Division points, which are boundaries between neighboring divisions, are designated in a form directly convertible into address coordinates of a random access core storage to speed information retrieval. Electronic calculating and comparing circuits automatically search the memory as a function of the division points, and also provide rapid and automatic address range computations.

Abstract: In an automatic telephone information retrieval system, each subscriber entry is encoded according to primary name, secondary name, primary address, secondary address, generic occupation and specific occupation. The entire contents of a local telephone directory may be electronically stored at memory addresses based upon the above encoding. Statistical methods are used to ensure a workable distribution of subscriber entries over the available memory addresses. The information is retrieved from memory by successively dividing the memory into "divided down" portions. Division points, which are boundaries between neighboring divisions, are designated in a form directly convertible into address coordinates of a random access core storage to speed information retrieval. Electronic calculating and comparing circuits automatically search the memory as a function of the division points, and also provide rapid and automatic address range computations.