Abstract: An operation support device includes a computation unit that: calculates cost of separation treatment that depends on deterioration of a separation membrane using a cleaning efficiency model expressing deterioration of the separation membrane relative to the number of cleaning events, the separation membrane being configured to remove removal target from sewage; calculates operation cost using the cost of separation treatment, cleaning cost for one cleaning event for the separation membrane, and replacement cost for one replacement event for the separation membrane; determines, based on the operation cost, a first reference value used for determining whether to clean the separation membrane and a second reference value used for determining whether to replace the separation membrane; and calculates cleaning schedule and replacement schedule for the separation membrane using the first reference value and the second reference value determined.

Abstract: A water treatment control system includes an aerobic tank in which aerobic treatment is carried out, an aerobic tank aeration device that aerates to-be-treated water in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank including a separation membrane that filters the to-be-treated water treated in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank measurement instrument that measures the ammonia concentration of the to-be-treated water in the membrane filtration tank, as a membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value, and an aerobic tank aeration air volume calculation device that sets the aerobic tank aeration air volume of the aerobic tank aeration device on the basis of the membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value.

Abstract: A filtration membrane treatment device which performs ozone treatment on a filtration membrane, the filtration membrane treatment device including: a first supply portion which supplies an ozone-containing fluid to the filtration membrane; a measurement portion which measures a measurement value based on a pressure to the filtration membrane; and a control portion which adjusts, on the basis of a change in the measurement value measured by the measurement portion, a supply amount of the ozone-containing fluid to be supplied by the first supply portion.

Abstract: A water treatment plant that performs water treatment using a water treatment facility includes: a sensor that repeatedly detects a water treatment environment of the water treatment facility to output time-series detection data; and a processor. The processor causes an arithmetic circuitry to execute a computation related to control of the water treatment facility using the time-series detection data as input data for a calculation model generated by machine learning.

Abstract: An operation support device includes a computation unit that: calculates cost of separation treatment that depends on deterioration of a separation membrane using a cleaning efficiency model expressing deterioration of the separation membrane relative to the number of cleaning events, the separation membrane being configured to remove removal target from sewage; calculates operation cost using the cost of separation treatment, cleaning cost for one cleaning event for the separation membrane, and replacement cost for one replacement event for the separation membrane; determines, based on the operation cost, a first reference value used for determining whether to clean the separation membrane and a second reference value used for determining whether to replace the separation membrane; and calculates cleaning schedule and replacement schedule for the separation membrane using the first reference value and the second reference value determined.

Abstract: A water treatment device includes: an oxidationor for causing pretreatment gas to be in contact with filtered water; a water quality measurement device for performing water quality measurement for the filtered water; and a controller which controls the oxidationor, determines oxidation progress of oxidizable substances in the filtered water on the basis of a first change amount obtained from change over time in a measurement value obtained through water quality measurement for the filtered water by the water quality measurement device, and determines to continue or stop supply of the pretreatment gas to the filtered water.

Abstract: A water treatment plant which performs water treatment using a water treatment device includes an imaging device, a processing device, and a control device. The imaging device images a water treatment environment of the water treatment device and outputs image data obtained by imaging. The processing device causes an arithmetic device which performs an arithmetic operation using one or more calculation models generated by machine learning to execute the arithmetic operation employing the image data output from the imaging device as input data of the one or more calculation models. The control device controls the water treatment device on the basis of output information output from the arithmetic device by executing the arithmetic operation.

Abstract: A water treatment device in which a treatment target water introduction portion is provided in an upper portion of a receptacle, and the water treatment device has a space in which conductive porous members are not disposed between the conductive porous members and the treatment target water introduction portion in the receptacle. When a backwashing fluid is introduced from a lower portion of the receptacle in a desorption, the conductive porous members flow and are agitated owing to the backwashing fluid, because of which a desorption of ions adsorbed to the conductive porous members is promoted. Grains of the agitated conductive porous members collide with other grains of the conductive porous members or with electrodes or a separator, whereby scale and a biofilm appearing on surfaces of the grains of the conductive porous members, the electrodes, or the separator can be removed, and desalination efficiency can be maintained.

Abstract: The membrane cleaning device uses treated water filtered through an MBR separation membrane as dissolution water, and performs a first process of dissolving ozone gas in the dissolution water under a neutral or alkaline condition, and a second process of dissolving ozone gas in the dissolution water under an acidic condition, to generate ozone water. At this time, whether to shift from the first process to the second process is determined on the basis of the organic substance concentration in the dissolution water, and whether to start feeding the ozone water to the separation membrane is determined on the basis of the dissolved ozone concentration in the dissolution water. Therefore, even when the organic substance concentration in the dissolution water varies depending on the MBR operation conditions, the treatment times in the first process and the second process can be optimized.

Abstract: This water treatment device includes: electrode units for performing adsorption/desorption of the impurity; a treatment tank having the electrode units disposed in an inside of the treatment tank; an upstream part for guiding the water into the inside; a downstream part for guiding the water so as to be discharged, the water having been subjected to the adsorption/desorption performed by the electrode units; a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline being for guiding water having been guided by the downstream part, to the upstream part; and a switching unit for switching between, on the basis of at least one of a water quality of the water having been guided to the downstream part or an electric state of the treatment tank, guiding the water having been guided by the downstream part, so as to be discharged, and guiding the water to the circulation pipeline.

Abstract: An aeration amount control system includes a control device for determining a first target aeration amount as the target aeration amount, and after having determined the first target aeration amount, determining a second target aeration amount as the target aeration amount, wherein, if a first change amount of the transmembrane pressure difference of the separation membrane calculated by the measurement device for the aeration performed on the basis of the first target aeration amount by the aeration device is greater than a second change amount of the transmembrane pressure difference of the separation membrane calculated by the measurement device for the aeration performed on the basis of the second target aeration amount by the aeration device, the control device determines a value, smaller than the second target aeration amount, as a third target aeration amount.

Abstract: A water treatment control system includes an aerobic tank in which aerobic treatment is carried out, an aerobic tank aeration device that aerates to-be-treated water in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank including a separation membrane that filters the to-be-treated water treated in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank measurement instrument that measures the ammonia concentration of the to-be-treated water in the membrane filtration tank, as a membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value, and an aerobic tank aeration air volume calculation device that sets the aerobic tank aeration air volume of the aerobic tank aeration device on the basis of the membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value.

Abstract: This membrane separation device includes: an organic substance concentration measurement means which measures the organic substance concentration in the treatment target water; a pressure measurement unit which measures a transmembrane pressure of the separation membrane; transmembrane pressure increase speed comparing means which compares a transmembrane pressure increase speed selected on the basis of the value of the organic substance concentration measured by the organic substance concentration measurement means, with a transmembrane pressure increase speed calculated from the transmembrane pressure measured by the pressure measurement unit; and a control unit which controls the membrane surface aeration flow amount of the membrane surface aeration device, wherein the control unit changes the membrane surface aeration flow amount on the basis of the difference between the transmembrane pressure increase speeds, obtained by the transmembrane pressure increase speed comparing means.

Abstract: A membrane filtration device including a filtration mode for filtrating water to be treated by passing the water to be treated from a primary side to a secondary side of a filtration membrane and a filtration membrane cleaning mode for cleaning the filtration membrane by passing ozone water from the secondary side to the primary side of the filtration membrane, wherein the membrane filtration device includes an inter-membrane differential pressure controller for controlling an inter-membrane differential pressure ?P, and is configured such that in the filtration membrane cleaning mode, the inter-membrane differential pressure controller performs control to gradually lower the inter-membrane differential pressure ?P twin a predetermined initial differential pressure ?P1 to a final differential ?P2, which is a value lower than the ?P1.

Abstract: A water treatment device in which a treatment target water introduction portion is provided in an upper portion of a receptacle, and the water treatment device has a space in which conductive porous members are not disposed between the conductive porous members and the treatment target water introduction portion in the receptacle. When a backwashing fluid is introduced from a lower portion of the receptacle in a desorption, the conductive porous members flow and are agitated owing to the backwashing fluid, because of which a desorption of ions adsorbed to the conductive porous members is promoted. Grains of the agitated conductive porous members collide with other grains of the conductive porous members or with electrodes or a separator, whereby scale and a biofilm appearing on surfaces of the grains of the conductive porous members, the electrodes, or the separator can be removed, and desalination efficiency can be maintained.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment method, in which a cycle including: a filtration step of filtering water to be treated through a separation membrane from a primary side to a secondary side of the separation membrane; and a backwashing step of washing the separation membrane from the secondary side to the primary side is repeated, the water treatment method including the steps of: injecting, into the separation membrane, ozone to be used in the backwashing step; and when, of the repeated cycles, a previous cycle is defined as a first cycle and a following cycle subsequent to the first cycle is defined as a second cycle, setting an ozone injection amount to be injected in the second cycle to a value equal to or less than an ozone injection amount injected in the first cycle.

Abstract: A water treatment system includes: an aeration tank for converting wastewater containing organic substances into sludge-laden treated water by aerobic treatment; an ozone supply unit for feeding ozone into the sludge-laden treated water drawn out from the aeration tank; and a bubble detector for detecting the condition of bubbles produced by reaction between the fed ozone and the sludge. The ozone treatment is controlled by utilizing as an indicator for sludge volume reduction effect the increase rate of bubbles detected by the bubble detector, so that the water treatment system is able to vary the amount of ozone feed depending on the conditions of water treatment.

Abstract: A water treatment system including: a biological treatment stage for treating an organic wastewater by an action of a microorganism; an ozone gas producing stage for generating ozone gas; a sludge transferring stage for withdrawing and transferring a part of the microorganism-mixed liquid in the biological treatment stage; an ozone treatment stage for bringing ozone into contact with the part of the microorganism-mixed liquid transferred; and a treated liquid returning stage for returning the treated liquid after the ozone treatment from the ozone treatment stage to the biological treatment stage. Undecomposed aggregated microorganisms after the ozone treatment are separated and concentrated, and an ozone treatment is selectively applied to the aggregated undecomposed microorganisms thus separated and concentrated.

Abstract: A contact converting structure of a semiconductor chip comprises a semiconductor chip with a group of electrodes arranged on a surface of one side thereof. A liquid crystal polymer film is bonded to the surface in such a manner as to cover the electrodes group, and a group of external contacts is arranged on the other surface of the semiconductor chip. The external contacts group is connected to the electrodes group through the liquid crystal polymer film. A process for manufacturing a semiconductor chip having such a contact converting structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A supporting member or first synthetic resin sheet with conductive bumps disposed at predetermined positions are superposed on a second synthetic resin sheet under the condition that the resin component of the second synthetic resin sheet is plastic deformed or the temperature thereof exceeds a glass transition temperature so that the conductive bumps are pierced into the second synthetic resin sheet. In other words, the conductive bumps are pierced vertically into the second synthetic resin sheet so as to form through-type conducive lead portions exposed to the first (supporting substrate) and second synthetic resin sheets. The through-type conductive lead portions are used to electrically connect electric devices and circuit and to connect wiring pattern layers. The conductive bumps can be precisely and densely formed and disposed by printing method or plating method. The conductive bumps can be pushed and pierced into the second synthetic resin sheet.