Abstract: A thin film capacitor having high performances, e.g. high frequency characteristics, heat resistance and dielectric strength, and capable of meeting demands for high integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, which comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a silica thin film formed on the substrate by bringing the substrate into contact with an aqueous solution of hydrosilicofluoric acid supersaturated with silica, and an electrically conductive film formed as an electrode on the silica thin film.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing fibers from a heat-softening material in which the heat-softening material is heated to a viscous melt, and directly and continuously flowed out while its sectional shape being rendered substantially circular. High speed gas streams having a component in the tangential direction of the circular sectional surface of the melt and a component which approaches the central axial line of the melt towards the flowing direction of the melt and then departs from the central axial line are jetted out onto the melt that has been flowed out. The high speed gas streams cause the melt to rotate around its central axial line and transform it into a substantially conical shape whose cross section gradually decreases towards its flowing direction in a first zone. In a second zone subsequent to the first zone, the melt is caused to advance in the form of fiber from the tip of the cone in the flowing direction and outwardly in the radial direction.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing fibers from a heat-softening material in which the heat-softening material is heated to a viscous melt, and directly and continuously flowed out while its sectional shape being rendered substantially circular. High speed gas streams having a component in the tangential direction of the circular sectional surface of the melt and a component which approaches the central axial line of the melt towards the flowing direction of the melt and then departs from the central axial line are jetted out onto the melt that has been flowed out. The high speed gas streams cause the melt to rotate around its central axial line and transform it into a substantially conical shape whose cross section gradually decreases towards its flowing direction in a first zone. In a second zone subsequent to the first zone, the melt is caused to advance in the form of fiber from the tip of the cone in the flowing direction and outwardly in the radial direction.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing fibers from a heat-softening material in which the heat-softening material is heated to a viscous melt, and directly and continuously flowed out while its sectional shape being rendered substantially circular. High speed gas streams having a component in the tangential direction of the circular sectional surface of the melt and a component which approaches the central axial line of the melt towards the flowing direction of the melt and then departs from the central axial line are jetted out onto the melt that has been flowed out. The high speed gas streams cause the melt to rotate around its central axial line and transform it into a substantially conical shape whose cross section gradually decreases towards its flowing direction in a first zone. In a second zone subsequent to the first zone, the melt is caused to advance in the form of fiber from the tip of the cone in the flowing direction and outwardly in the radial direction.