Abstract: An aqueous dispersion-type fluorine-containing water- and oil-repellent wherein (A) a fluorine-containing copolymer of (A-1) a monomer having a polyfluoroalkyl group and (A-2) a monomer copolymerizable therewith is dispersed in the presence of (B) a emulsifier containing a fluorine-containing cationic surfactant, is excellent in fastness to rubbing.

Abstract: A first matching operational circuit detects correlation between output signal of the reference block memory and the search block memory with integer-pel accuracy. A second matching operational circuit detects correlation between output signal of a reference block buffer memory and a search block buffer memory with less than or equal to half-pel accuracy. The first matching operational and the second matching operational circuit are operated in parallel.

Abstract: Disclosed are a clear aqueous solution of diclofenac sodium dissolved in a mixed solvent of a fatty acid dialkylolamide and water; an anti-inflammatory analgesic composition excellent in percutaneous absorption, which comprises the clear aqueous solution and a higher unsaturated aliphatic alcohol contained in the solution; and a self-adhesive cataplasm comprising a cataplasm base and the clear aqueous solution, polybutene and gelatin added in the base. The clear aqueous solution of diclofenac sodium contains, in particular, diclofenac sodium, a fatty acid dialkylolamide and water at a ratio falling within a hexagonal region formed by linking the points A, B, C, D, E and F in the figure.

Abstract: Initially, forward prediction reference block data which has been read out from a reference frame memory and retrieval block data which has been read out from a retrieval frame memory are used to detect forward prediction motion vector and its residual by a forward prediction motion detecting circuit to preserve (store) them into a forward prediction motion vector/residual preservation memory. Then, backward prediction reference block data which has been read out from the reference frame memory and retrieval block data which has been read out from the retrieval frame memory are used to detect, by a backward prediction motion detecting circuit, backward prediction motion vector and its residual, and to read out motion vector and its residual which have been preserved (stored) in the forward prediction motion vector/residual preservation memory to carry out encoding by using these motion vectors in both directions.

Abstract: A reference frame block from a memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit and a search frame block from a separate memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit. Within the extraction circuits, the frame blocks are divided into minor blocks and the integration of all pixels for each minor block gives a matching element. A matching process with the matching elements from the extraction circuits provides a frame motion vector. Data division circuits divide the matching elements provided from the extraction circuits into odd- and even-field matching elements, and the matching process with the odd- and even-field matching elements provides odd- and even-field motion vectors. This eliminates the need for a feature extraction circuit when obtaining field matching elements.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encoding picture data. A motion vector is detected and a distribution range of the detected motion vector is determined. Based upon such distribution range, a motion vector search range is predicted and set. Detection for the next motion vector is performed within the set search range. The picture data and/or motion vectors are variable length encoded, wherein codes having relatively short lengths may be utilized. As a result, the amount of information generated during such encoding may be relatively small. Upon reproduction of such encoded data, a picture having relatively high quality may be produced.

Abstract: A reference frame block from a memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit and a search frame block from a separate memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit. Within the extraction circuits, the frame blocks are divided into minor blocks and the integration of all pixels for each minor block gives a matching element. A matching process with the matching elements from the extraction circuits provides a frame motion vector. Data division circuits divide the matching elements provided from the extraction circuits into odd- and even-field matching elements, and the matching process with the odd- and even-field matching elements provides odd- and even-field motion vectors. This eliminates the need for a feature extraction circuit when obtaining field matching elements.

Abstract: A method of detecting motion vectors detects motion based upon calculation of picture data of a reference block and upon picture data in a search block, the search block located within a search area and then variably sets the search area. An apparatus for detecting motion vectors includes a motion detection circuit for detection motion based upon calculation of picture data of a reference block and upon picture data in a search block, the search block located within a search area and a circuit for variably setting the search area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an external preparation composition, in a liquid preparation, cream, ointment or cataplasm plaster, characterized in that the composition contains a water-soluble salt of diclofenac, such as diclofenac sodium, water, and a fatty acid dialkylolamide and/or its polyoxyethylene adduct.The external preparation composition according to this invention is excellent in the percutaneous absorption of the water-soluble salt of diclofenac, which has high solubility and stability in the preparation.

Abstract: M/N-fold high-speed reproduction is achieved by displaying continued N frames at intervals of M frames. The order of the reproduced frames becomes 0, 1, 2, . . . , N-1, M, M+1, M+2, . . . , M+N-1, 2M, 2M+1, 2M+2, . . . , 2M+N-1, 3M, 3M+1, 3M+2, 3M+N-1, . . . . Thereby, good continuity of picture images between frames, when high-speed reproduction is performed in a video signal reproducing apparatus, can be provided.

Abstract: A reference frame block from a memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit and a search frame block from a separate memory is supplied to a feature extraction circuit. Within the extraction circuits, the frame blocks are divided into minor blocks and the integration of all pixels for each minor block gives a matching element. A matching process with the matching elements from the extraction circuits provides a frame motion vector. Data division circuits divide the matching elements provided from the extraction circuits into odd- and even-field matching elements, and the matching process with the odd- and even-field matching elements provides odd- and even-field motion vectors. This eliminates the need for a feature extraction circuit when obtaining field matching elements.

Abstract: In image compression using motion compensated predictive coding, the number of bits of pixel data is reduced before the pixel data are supplied to a motion vector detecting apparatus. Motion vectors are detected using a pipelined operation in which pixel by pixel differences between a reference block and a search block are obtained and summed. At each stage of the pipeline, the sum of differences is limited to a predetermined maximum number of bits.

Abstract: A recording control system for preventing undesirable copy of information reproduced from a video tape onto another tape. The system includes a unit for receiving audio and video information signals from a video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for receiving an identification code from the video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for receiving timing signals from the video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for decoding the received identification code with reference to the received timing signals to generate recording control signals, a unit for recording the received audio and video information signals onto a video tape, and a circuit for controlling an operation of the recording unit in response to the recording control signals.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a fluorinated ester containing a trifluoromethyl group by esterification in the presence of .gamma.-butyrolactone as a solvent, and more particularly a process or producing a fluorinated ester containing a trifluoromethyl group which is useful as a raw material of various fluorine containing compound.

Abstract: A process for producing 5-fluorouracil using an aqueous phosphoric acid solution as a solvent which is a good solvent for an intermediate resulting from the reaction between uracil and elemental fluorine, and permits the reaction to proceed smoothly, but which can precipitate the final product, 5-fluorouracil, after cooling the heat-treated reaction solution to room temperature, with no need to evaporate the solvent.The process comprises reacting uracil in an aqueous phosphoric acid solution with elemental fluorine and heating the resultant reaction solution to form 5-fluorouracil.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, which is used for modifying inorganic high polymers such as phosphazene polymers being thermo-resistant, inflammable and oil-resistant, by employing .gamma.-butyrolactone as a reaction solvent.