Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one or having suitable balance regarding at least two of characteristics such as high maximum or low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, large optical anisotropy, large positive dielectric anisotropy and high stability to ultraviolet light, and a liquid crystal display device including such a composition, particularly an encapsulated liquid crystal display device, and a liquid crystal display device serving as a constituent of 3D lenses.

Abstract: Shown is a method for producing a liquid crystal capsule having a particle diameter of 30 to 150 nanometers, and a method for producing a liquid crystal capsule without using a homogenizer. The disclosure concerns a method for producing a liquid crystal capsule, including a step of preparing an emulsion by performing phase inversion emulsification of a mixed material obtained by mixing a liquid crystal composition, a monomer, a surfactant, and a polymerization initiator; and a step of producing a liquid crystal capsule by applying a coacervation method to the emulsion. The disclosure also concerns a liquid crystal capsule having a liquid crystal composition, a surfactant and a capsule wall, wherein the capsule wall has a closed curved shape, the liquid crystal composition and a hydrophobic moiety of the surfactant are arranged inside the capsule wall, and a hydrophilic moiety of the surfactant is arranged outside the capsule wall.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one of characteristics such as high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, low minimum temperature thereof, large optical anisotropy, large positive dielectric anisotropy and high stability to ultraviolet light, or having suitable balance regarding at least two of the characteristics; and a liquid crystal display device including such a composition and particularly including an encapsulated composition, and a liquid crystal display device serving as a constituent of a display device that allows switching of display between 2D and 3D.

Abstract: A subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that has a negative dielectric anisotropy and contains a specific 3-ring compound having a large optical anisotropy as a first component and a compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy and containing a methyleneoxy group or pyran ring as a second component, and may contain a specific compound having a small viscosity as a third component and a specific compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy as a fourth component, respectively, and a liquid crystal display device that contains the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) as a first component: wherein R5 is alkyl or alkenyl; R2 is alkyl or alkoxy; A5 is 1,4-phenylene or 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene; and A6 is 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (1) and formula (2) as a first component, at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (3) as a second component, and at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (4) as a third component: wherein R1 is alkyl; R2 is alkyl or alkenyl; Z1 and Z2 are independently a single bond or —(CH2)2—; X1 is hydrogen or fluorine; and Y1 is fluorine or —OCF3. Also provided is a liquid crystal display element containing the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including three components, optionally four components, selected from the compounds (1-1) to (3-3) is provided. The composition has plural characteristics, i.e., a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy, in a properly balanced manner. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element including the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound selected from the compounds represented by each of formulas (1) to (5) as set forth in the specification. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising four components, optionally five components, selected from the compounds (1) to (8), in which each compound represented by compounds (1) to (8) is defined in the specification. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and (1-4) as a first component: 1

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (1) and formula (2) as a first component, at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (3) as a second component, and at least one compound selected from compounds of formula (4) as a third component: 1

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound selected from the compounds represented by each of formulas (1) to (5) as set forth in the specification. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including three components, optionally four components, selected from the compounds (1-1) to (3-3) is provided. The composition has plural characteristics, i.e., a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy, in a properly balanced manner. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element including the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising four components, optionally five components, selected from the compounds (1) to (8), in which each compound represented by compounds (1) to (8) is defined in the specification. The invention further provides a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus includes a pair of substrates, each subjected to uniaxial orientation processing and arranged so that their orientation processing directions are approximately parallel to each other; and a ferroelectric liquid crystal material having the chiral smectic C phase filled between the substrates, the liquid crystal material being such that the projection component of the cone drawn by a liquid crystal molecule of the ferroelectric liquid crystal material projected onto the substrate and the projection component of the liquid crystal molecule itself projected onto the substrate in the molecule axis direction are respectively identical to the orientation processing direction of the substrates, which state is the initial state of the monostable configuration, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal contains a compound having a phenyl pyrimidine skeleton having one end connected to an alkoxyl chain and the other end connected t

Abstract: A monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display in which a stable monostable mode is realized to achieve sufficient analog gradation and contrast. A pair of substrates, processed with uniaxial orientation, are placed so that the directions of orientation processing will be substantially parallel to each other. Into the gap between the two substrates is charged a ferroelectric liquid crystal material. The component of projection on the substrates of the axial direction of a cone drawn by the liquid crystal molecules of the ferroelectric liquid crystal material and that of the axial direction of the liquid crystal molecules themselves are substantially coincident with the direction of the processing for orientation of the substrates. Monostability is achieved with this state as an initial state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a monostable ferroelectric liquid crystal display apparatus includes a pair of substrates, each subjected to uniaxial orientation processing and arranged so that their orientation processing directions are approximately parallel to each other; and a ferroelectric liquid crystal material having the chiral smectic C phase filled between the substrates, the liquid crystal material being such that the projection component of the cone drawn by a liquid crystal molecule of the ferroelectric liquid crystal material projected onto the substrate and the projection component of the liquid crystal molecule itself projected onto the substrate in the molecule axis direction are respectively identical to the orientation processing direction of the substrates, which state is the initial state of the monostable configuration, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal contains a compound having a phenyl pyrimidine skeleton having one end connected to an alkoxyl chain and the other end connected t

Abstract: A 2-substituted-alkyl ether having an optically active group and being useful as a component of ferroelectric liquid crystal compositions, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided, which 2-substituted-alkyl ether is expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, alkanoyloxy or alkoxycarbonyl of 1 to 18 C; R.sup.2 represents a linear or branched alkyl of 2 to 15 C; ##STR2## and ##STR3## each independently represents ##STR4## wherein Y represents cyano, halogen, methyl or methoxy; and X represents --OR.sup.3, ##STR5## F, Cl or Br wherein R.sup.3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 10 C or H; and * indicates asymmetric C.

Abstract: Ferroelectric liquid crystal compositions having a large dependency of spontaneous polarization on temperature; liquid crystal display devices exhibiting a small dependency of response speed on temperature and making it possible to obtain a wide temperature margin in practical use, and fabricated by using the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition; and methods for driving the devices are provided;the compositions comprising at least one compound expressed by the following general formula (1) ##STR1## at least one compound expressed by the following general formula (2), and ##STR2## at least one compound expressed by the following general formula (3) ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.6, ring A-B, A, X.sub.1, and X.sub.2 are herein defined.

Abstract: A compound expressed by the following formula (1) and a liquid crystalline composition with using it are provided: ##STR1## wherein, either one of rings A, B and C denotes ##STR2## remaining two of them denote each independently ##STR3## R denotes an alkyl group or an alkoxy group with 4-16 carbon atoms, R* denotes ##STR4## in which, R.sub.1 denotes CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, CH.sub.2 F or CHF.sub.2, R.sub.2 denotes an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms and m denotes 2-12.The said compound exhibits a ferroelectric liquid crystalline phase and an antiferroelectric liquid crystalline phase by itself.