Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal layer 1 whose state is switchable between a light-transmitting state and a light-scattering state, a front substrate 3 and a rear substrate 2 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is held, a pair of electrodes 4, 8 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is interposed and which are configured to apply a voltage across the liquid crystal layer 1, and first and second alignment films 13, 12 respectively provided between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the front substrate 3 and between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the rear substrate 2. The liquid crystal layer 1 includes, in each of the pixels, a continuous wall 10, a plurality of small sections 14 separated by the wall 10, and a plurality of liquid crystal regions 11, each of which is formed in any one of the plurality of small sections 14.

Abstract: A display device capable of emitting sufficient fluorescence is provided without an increase in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. The device includes: a fluorescent emission layer (23) having fluorescent pigment molecules that absorb light to emit fluorescence; and a liquid crystal layer (4) capable of switching between a transparent state and a scattering state. The fluorescent pigment molecules are dichroic fluorescent pigment molecules (23a) with different emission intensities depending on the direction of emission. The dichroic fluorescent pigment molecules (23a) in the fluorescent emission layer (23) are oriented so as to have transition dipole moments with the same direction.

Abstract: A building material in which an image can be displayed on a transparent plate such as a windowpane is realized using a configuration that is simple and low-cost. A window member (5) includes a display panel (11) having a display region (11a) that can switch between a light transmitting state and a non-light-transmitting state and a frame region (11b) serving as a non-display region formed on an outer side of the display region (11a), a light-transmitting cover (40) disposed on the display panel so as to cover at least a part of the frame region (11b) and at least a part of the display region (11a) that is adjacent to the frame region (11b), and a pair of windowpanes (3, 3) that are held in parallel in the window frame (2). The light-transmitting cover (40) is shaped such that the thickness thereof decreases from the display region (11a) toward the frame region (11b).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device 100 includes: a liquid crystal layer 1; a front substrate 3 and a rear substrate 2 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is held; a pair of electrodes 4, 8 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is interposed and which are configured to apply a voltage across the liquid crystal layer 1; circular polarizers 15, 16 respectively provided on a front side of the front substrate 3 and a rear side of the rear substrate 2; and first and second alignment films 13, 12 respectively provided between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the front substrate 3 and between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the rear substrate 2. The liquid crystal layer 1 includes, in each of the pixels, a continuous wall 10, a plurality of small sections 14 separated by the wall 10, and a plurality of liquid crystal regions 11, each of which is formed in any one of the plurality of small sections 14.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (100) according to the present invention includes: a scattering liquid crystal panel (110) including a scattering-type liquid crystal layer (140) which is capable of taking a transparent state; and a scattering state and a retroreflection plate (150). The scattering liquid crystal panel (110) before being combined with the retroreflection plate (150) satisfies the relationship of 0.45?log(I0-10/I20-30)?1.48, where, regarding light which enters through a rear face (110b) of the scattering liquid crystal panel (110) and goes out through a front face (110a), I0-10 represents a mean value of scattering intensity of light which goes out at an angle in a range from 0 degrees to 10 degrees with respect to a normal direction of the front face (110a), and I20-30 represents a mean value of scattering intensity of light which goes out in a range from 20 degrees to 30 degrees.

Abstract: To provide a display panel that can achieve a transparent state having high panel transmittance and that can carry out a display in which a figure looks as if it has popped up in the air, a display panel disclosed includes a PDLC panel (10) including: a substrate (20) including a wire; a substrate (30) provided so as to face the substrate (20); and a PDLC layer (40) provided between the substrate (20) and the substrate (30), the PDLC layer (40) including PDLC which is switched between a light transmitting state and a light scattering state in correspondence with the presence or absence of an electric field applied to the PDLC layer (40), the display panel including no colored layer, the display panel selectively forming a light transmitting region and a light scattering region in response to control of the presence or absence of the electric field applied to the PDLC layer (40), at least one of (i) a reflectance reducing layer for reducing direct reflection of external light by the wire, (ii) a light blocking

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed to face each other, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a black matrix provided on the first substrate, where a display region for displaying an image and a frame region around the display region are defined, and in the frame region, the black matrix includes a plurality of light-blocking regions spaced apart from one another.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-absorbing layer is provided between an insulating substrate and a transparent electrode, the ultraviolet-absorbing layer having a transmittance ratio (T (365 nm)/T (315 nm)) of not less than 6.3 where (T (365 nm)) is a transmittance at a wavelength of 365 nm and (T (315 nm)) is a transmittance at a wavelength of 315 nm.

Abstract: A reflective display device includes a retroreflective layer 10 with unit structures arranged two-dimensionally on a virtual plane, and conducts a display operation by using light reflected from the retroreflective layer. The device further includes: gate lines 35 arranged on a rear substrate 32; source lines 34 also arranged on the rear substrate 32 to cross the gate lines 35 as viewed from over a front substrate 30; a switching element 33 also arranged on the rear substrate 32 and activated in response to a signal supplied to its associated gate line 35; a pixel electrode 36 electrically connectible to its associated source line 34 via the switching element 33; and a counter electrode 38 arranged to face the pixel electrode 36. Each unit structure of the retroreflective layer 10 has a recess defined by three planes opposed perpendicularly to each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment film excellent in evenness; and a liquid crystal display device. The present invention provides a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film, wherein the composition comprises: a material for forming a liquid crystal alignment film; diethylene glycol diethyl ether; diisobutyl ketone; and at least one of ?-butyrolactone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvents.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device 100 includes a liquid crystal layer 1 including polymer; a front substrate 3 and a rear substrate 2 containing the liquid crystal layer 1 therebetween; a pair of electrodes 4 and 8 applying a voltage on the liquid crystal layer 1; polarization plates 16 and 15 placed respectively on the front side of the front substrate 3 and the rear side of the rear substrate 2; and first and second alignment films 13 and 12 formed respectively between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the front substrate 3 and between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the rear substrate 2.

Abstract: A reflection-type display device (200) with a plurality of pixel regions (40) includes: a light modulation layer (1); a front substrate (10) and a rear substrate (12) between which the light modulation layer (1) is held; electrode structures (18 and 56) for varying optical characteristics of the light modulation layer (1) for each pixel region (40); a retroreflective layer (2) which is placed on a rear side of the light modulation layer (1); and a non-retroreflection member (53) which is placed on the rear side of the light modulation layer (1) and which has reflection characteristics different from retroreflection. The front substrate (10) includes a light shielding layer (20) which defines an opening (50) in the each pixel region (40), and the opening contains a non-retroreflection region (50n), which is defined by the non-retroreflection member (53), and a retroreflection region (50r), which is defined by the retroreflective layer (2).

Abstract: The present invention provides: a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment film excellent in evenness; and a liquid crystal display device. The present invention provides a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film, wherein the composition comprises: a material for forming a liquid crystal alignment film; diethylene glycol diethyl ether; diisobutyl ketone; and at least one of ?-butyrolactone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvents.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device 100 includes: a liquid crystal layer 1; a front substrate 3 and a rear substrate 2 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is held; a pair of electrodes 4, 8 between which the liquid crystal layer 1 is interposed and which are configured to apply a voltage across the liquid crystal layer 1; circular polarizers 15, 16 respectively provided on a front side of the front substrate 3 and a rear side of the rear substrate 2; and first and second alignment films 13, 12 respectively provided between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the front substrate 3 and between the liquid crystal layer 1 and the rear substrate 2. The liquid crystal layer 1 includes, in each of the pixels, a continuous wall 10, a plurality of small sections 14 separated by the wall 10, and a plurality of liquid crystal regions 11, each of which is formed in any one of the plurality of small sections 14.

Abstract: A screen according to the present invention includes: a retroreflective layer, which has a front side and a rear side with an array of corner cubes; a low-refractive-index layer, which is made of a substance with a lower refractive index than the retroreflective layer; and a light absorbing layer for absorbing at least a part of the light that has been incident on the retroreflective layer on the front side thereof and then directed toward the low-refractive-index layer through the rear side thereof. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the light absorbing layer faces the array of corner cubes of the retroreflective layer with the low-refractive-index layer interposed between itself and the retroreflective layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (100) according to the present invention includes: a scattering liquid crystal panel (110) including a scattering-type liquid crystal layer (140) which is capable of taking a transparent state; and a scattering state and a retroreflection plate (150). The scattering liquid crystal panel (110) before being combined with the retroreflection plate (150) satisfies the relationship of 0.45?log(I0-10/I20-30)?1.48, where, regarding light which enters through a rear face (110b) of the scattering liquid crystal panel (110) and goes out through a front face (110a), I0-10 represents a mean value of scattering intensity of light which goes out at an angle in a range from 0 degrees to 10 degrees with respect to a normal direction of the front face (110a), and I20-30 represents a mean value of scattering intensity of light which goes out in a range from 20 degrees to 30 degrees.

Abstract: A reflection-type display device (200) with a plurality of pixel regions (40) includes: alight modulation layer (1); a front substrate (10) and a rear substrate (12) between which the light modulation layer (1) is held; electrode structures (18 and 56) for varying optical characteristics of the light modulation layer (1) for each pixel region (40); a retroreflective layer (2) which is placed on a rear side of the light modulation layer (1); and a non-retroreflection member (53) which is placed on the rear side of the light modulation layer (1) and which has reflection characteristics different from retroreflection. The front substrate (10) includes alight shielding layer (20) which defines an opening (50) in the each pixel region (40), and the opening contains a non-retroreflection region (50n), which is defined by the non-retroreflection member (53), and a retroreflection region (50r), which is defined by the retroreflective layer (2).

Abstract: A reflective display device includes a retroreflective layer including a plurality of unit structures that are arranged two-dimensionally on a virtual plane and a modulating layer, which is arranged closer to a viewer than the retroreflective layer is and which is switchable between a first state and a second state that have mutually different optical properties. The reflective display device conducts a display operation by using light that has been reflected back from the retroreflective layer. Each unit structure of the retroreflective layer has a recess defined by three planes that are opposed substantially perpendicularly to each other. The unit structures are arranged so as to face substantially the same direction. An azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting a normal to one of the three planes onto the virtual plane, and another azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting a screen downward direction onto the virtual plane, form an angle of less than 30 degrees.

Abstract: A reflective display device includes a retroreflective layer including a plurality of unit structures that are arranged two-dimensionally on a virtual plane and a modulating layer, which is arranged closer to a viewer than the retroreflective layer is and which is switchable between a first state and a second state that have mutually different optical properties. The reflective display device conducts a display operation by using light that has been reflected back from the retroreflective layer. Each unit structure of the retroreflective layer has a recess defined by three planes that are opposed substantially perpendicularly to each other. An azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting a normal to one of the three planes onto the virtual plane, and another azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting an on-screen upward direction onto the virtual plane, form an angle of at most 30 degrees.

Abstract: A reflective display device includes a retroreflective layer including a plurality of unit structures that are arranged two-dimensionally on a virtual plane and a modulating layer, which is arranged closer to a viewer than the retroreflective layer is and which is switchable between a first state and a second state that have mutually different optical properties. The reflective display device conducts a display operation by using light that has been reflected back from the retroreflective layer. Each unit structure of the retroreflective layer has a recess defined by three planes that are opposed substantially perpendicularly to each other. The unit structures are arranged so as to face substantially the same direction. An azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting a normal to one of the three planes onto the virtual plane, and another azimuthal direction, which is defined by projecting a screen downward direction onto the virtual plane, form an angle of less than 30 degrees.