Abstract: A spacer fitted inside a water jacket of a cylinder block in an internal combustion engine is set so that a space formed between an inner peripheral surface of the spacer and an inner wall surface of the water jacket is smaller than a space formed between an outer peripheral surface of the spacer and an outer wall surface of the water jacket. Accordingly, even if a position of the spacer is shifted in a radial direction, the inner peripheral surface of the spacer comes into abutment on the inner wall surface of the water jacket at first. Thereby, the abutment of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer on the outer wall surface of the water jacket is prevented completely. Therefore, hitting sounds of pistons can be blocked by the space between the outer peripheral surface of the spacer and the outer wall surface of the water jacket.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling the flow rate of clustering fluid using a pressure type flow rate control device in which the flow rate Q of gas passing through an orifice is computed as K=KP1 (where K is a constant) with the gas being in a state where the ratio P2/P1 between the gas pressure P1 on the upstream side of the orifice and the gas pressure P2 on the downstream side of the orifice is held at a value not higher than the critical pressure ratio of the gas wherein the association of molecules is dissociated either by heating the pressure type flow rate control device to the temperature higher than 40° C., or by applying the diluting gas to the clustering fluid to make it lower than a partial pressure so the clustering fluid is permitted to pass through the orifice in a monomolecular state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tire shape inspection method that can reliably and without misidentification perform accurate shape defect inspection in a short period of time by excluding measurement values in a range in which embossed marks are formed from distribution information for surface height measurement values on the sidewall surface of a tire. In the method, a processor automatically detects the positions of the embossed marks based on sample surface shape information obtained from a sample of the tire, and automatically sets coordinate information for a mask range surrounding the area where said marks are present (S2-S15). The processor also causes a surface shape image based on the sample surface shape information and a mask range image based on the coordinate information for the mask range to be displayed superimposed on a display means, and changes the coordinate information for the mask range according to an operating input (S16).

Abstract: A picture processing apparatus is disclosed which includes: an acquiring device which, apart from a first picture sequence picked up for reproduction purposes, acquires a second picture sequence picked up in synchronism with the first picture sequence, the second picture sequence being made up of pictures wider in angle than those constituting the first picture sequence; a calculating device operable to calculate degrees of similarity between scenes each made up of a predetermined number of consecutive pictures included in the second picture sequence; and a linking device which, after appropriating the degrees of similarity calculated by the calculating device for the degrees of similarity between the corresponding scenes in the first picture sequence, links together those of the corresponding scenes which have high degrees of similarity in the first picture sequence.

Abstract: Provided are a novel titania fine-particle composite which has high transparency, high stability, and high ultraviolet-absorbing power and excellent redispersibility, and skin-care external preparations which contain the titania fine-particle composite and exert high ultraviolet protective effect.

Abstract: A silicon object formation target substrate is arranged in a first chamber, a silicon sputter target is arranged in a second chamber communicated with the first chamber, plasma for chemical sputtering is formed from a hydrogen gas in the second chamber, chemical sputtering is effected on the silicon sputter target with the plasma thus formed, producing particles contributing to formation of silicon object, whereby a silicon object is formed, on the substrate, from the particles moved from the second chamber to the first chamber.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to detect a small biomolecule in a sample using simple and inexpensive equipment. To achieve this, the small biomolecule in a sample S is detected optically. Specifically, the sample S containing an aptamer capable of interacting with the small biomolecule is irradiated with an excitation light Le and irradiated with a measurement light L2 for measuring the photothermal effect produced in the sample S by the irradiation with the excitation light Le. The photothermal effect induced in the sample S by the excitation light Le is measured from the phase change in the measurement light L2, and the presence or absence of the interaction between the biomolecule and the aptamer is assessed based on the temporal variation in the measurement signal.

Abstract: A plasma generating device provided with a plasma generating chamber (10) and a high-frequency antenna (1) arranged in the chamber (10) for generating inductively coupled plasma by applying a high-frequency power to a gas in the chamber (10) from the antenna (1). The antenna (1) is a low-inductance antenna formed of a first portion (11) extending from the outside of the chamber (10) into the chamber (10), and a plurality of second portions (12) diverging from an inner end (11e) of the first portion (11) in an electrically parallel fashion, and having a termination (12e) directly connected to the inner wall of the grounded chamber (10). The surface of the antenna (1) is coated with an electrically insulating material. Frequency of the high-frequency power applied to the antenna may be in a range from 40 MHz to hundreds of megahertz.

Abstract: A data transfer system of this invention includes a plurality of transfer apparatuses (11-14) and a control apparatus (10). On condition that data transfer to a transfer apparatus of a transmission destination is completed before a requested transfer completion time, the control apparatus (10) builds a data transfer tree serving as a data transfer path from a transfer apparatus of a transmission source to the transfer apparatus of the transmission destination. Each of the transfer apparatuses (11-14) transfers data in accordance with the tree. This allows to guarantee to complete transfer to transfer apparatuses of a plurality of transmission destinations up to a requested transfer completion time even when a transfer apparatus of one transmission source transfers a file to the transfer apparatuses of the plurality of transmission destinations by multicast.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, including a main combustion chamber serving as a main combustion chamber, an auxiliary combustion chamber adjacent to the main combustion chamber and smaller in capacity than the main combustion chamber, and a partition wall between the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber, the partition wall including an injection hole by which the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber communicate. A fuel supply device supplies fuel to the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber. A mixture forming device forms a mixture of air and the supplied fuel in the main combustion chamber, away from the partition wall before ignition. An ignition device ignites the fuel in the auxiliary combustion chamber, propelling an ejecting torch flame into the mixture of air and fuel in the main combustion chamber through the injection hole, thereby burning the mixture of air and fuel in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (100) comprises an intake valve (31) which opens and closes an intake port (30), a valve timing adjustment device (200) which adjusts a valve timing of the intake valve (31), a discharge portion (50) including a first electrode (51), a dielectric (53) covering the first electrode (51), a second electrode (52) disposed at a position facing the dielectric (53), and a discharge chamber (55) that is formed between the second electrode (52) and the dielectric (53) so as to face the combustion chamber (13), a voltage impressing mechanism (60) which impresses a voltage to the discharge portion (50) such that the radicals are produced in the discharge chamber (55) by a non-equilibrium plasma discharge, and a controller (70) which controls the valve timing control device (200) to close the intake valve (31) in an intake valve close period in which a piston lowers from an exhaust top dead center to an intake bottom dead center so as to diffuse the radicals in the discharge chamber (55) int

Abstract: A method for forming silicon dots which can form silicon dots at a relatively low temperature, with good controllability of the particle diameter of silicon dots depending on the particle diameter of silicon dots to be formed. The method for forming silicon dots comprises producing inductively coupled plasma from a gas for forming silicon dots provided within the plasma producing chamber by applying a high-frequency power to an antenna with reduced inductance placed within the plasma producing chamber to form silicon dots on a substrate S disposed within the chamber in the presence of the inductively coupled plasma. Conditions for a pretreatment of the substrate prior to the formation of silicon dots, the temperature of the substrate in forming silicon dots and the gas pressure in the plasma producing chamber during the formation of silicon dots are controlled depending on the particle diameter of the silicon dots.

Abstract: In the method for forming a silicon-based thin film by the plasma CVD method using high-frequency excitation, a polycrystalline silicon-based thin film having high degree of crystallization is formed relatively at a low temperature, economically, and productively. The polycrystalline silicon-based thin film is formed in such a state that the pressure of gas during formation of the film is selected and determined from the range of 0.0095 Pa to 64 Pa; the ratio (Md/Ms) of a supply flow rate Md of a diluting gas to a supply flow rate Ms of a film-forming material gas introduced into a deposition chamber is selected and determined from the range of 0 to 1200; the high-frequency power density is selected and determined from the range of 0.

Abstract: A reforming catalyst (6) induces an isomerization reforming reaction and a decomposition reforming reaction of a gasoline fuel. Injectors (27, 33, 35, 36) supply an isomerized fuel generated by the isomerization reforming reaction and a decomposed fuel generated by the decomposition reforming reaction respectively to the internal combustion engine (1). The ratio of the isomerization reforming reaction and the decomposition reforming reaction depends on a catalyst temperature, and can be altered arbitrarily by controlling an air supply amount to the catalyst (6) via an air amount regulating valve (14) and a fuel supply amount to the catalyst (6) via a fuel injector (8) and thereby controlling the catalyst temperature.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas is supplied into a deposition chamber accommodating a silicon sputter target and a deposition target object, a high-frequency power is applied to said gas to generate plasma exhibiting H?/SiH* from 0.3 to 1.3 between an emission spectral intensity H? of hydrogen atom radicals at a wavelength of 656 nm and an emission spectral intensity SiH* of silane radicals at a wavelength of 414 nm in plasma emission, and chemical sputtering is effected on the silicon sputter target by the plasma to form a crystalline silicon thin film on the deposition target object. Thereafter a high-frequency power is applied to a terminally treating gas to generate plasma for terminating treatment and the surface of the crystalline silicon thin film is terminally treated by the plasma in the terminally treating chamber.

Abstract: A tire shape measuring system measures a surface shape on the basis of an image of a line of light (a light section line) emitted to a surface of a relatively rotating tire using a light-section method. The shape measuring system includes a light projector for emitting a plurality of lines of light onto a tire surface in directions different from a direction in which the height of the surface is detected so as to form a plurality of separate light section lines and a camera for capturing images of the light section lines in directions in which chief rays of the lines of light are specularly reflected by the tire surface. The shape measuring system individually detects the coordinates of the light section lines from images of pre-defined independent image processing target areas for each captured image and calculates the distribution of the surface height using the detected coordinates.

Abstract: Provided are a printed wiring board and a flexible printed wiring board which hardly generate radiation electromagnetic noises and are not easily affected by external noises. First and second wave-shape wirings are provided between at least two insulation substrates stacked on each other. The first and the second wave-shape wirings three-dimensionally intersect with each other in a plane direction and a thickness direction of the insulating substrates. The first and second wave-shape wirings are electrically separated from each other by a resist layer provided between the insulating substrates.

Abstract: The invention is to easily detect an interaction between nucleic acid and protein with high sensitivity without the need of sample labeling with a fluorescent molecule or sample anchorage onto a metal thin-film. As means for it, the presence or absence of occurrence of the interaction between nucleic acid and protein in a sample (S) is detected in an optical manner. Specifically, the sample (S) is irradiated with excitation rays (Le) and with measuring rays (L2) for measuring a photothermal effect produced in the sample (S) through the irradiation with the excitation rays (Le). A measurement signal for the photothermal effect in the sample (S) by the excitation rays (Le) is produced on the basis of any phase change of the measuring rays (L2). A temporal variation in the measurement signal is used for making a judgment on the presence or absence of any occurrence of interaction between nucleic acid and protein.

Abstract: A control method controlling a compression capacity of a variable capacity compressor (8), using a capacity control valve (13) which senses a pressure difference between a high pressure (Pd) and a low pressure (Ps) in a refrigeration cycle (7a), including: calculating a target duty factor (Dt1) for the capacity control valve (13) based on a target evaporator-exit temperature (TMeva) and an actual evaporator-exit temperature (Teva); calculating a driving torque (Trq2) of the compressor (8) as an upper-limit driving torque (Trq2) based on a high pressure (Pd) under an assumption that the compressor (8) is in a full-stroke state; calculating an estimated driving torque (Trq1) of the compressor (8) based on an actual control electric current (Isolc); and selecting the target duty factor (Dt1) as an output duty factor (Dtc) when the estimated driving torque (Trq1) is smaller than the upper-limit driving torque (Trq2), and selecting a duty factor (Dt2) calculated based on the upper-limit driving torque (Trq2) as th

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic inorganic composite powder which has a specific particle shape in accordance with a washing solvent, which contains fine inorganic particles, and which easily disperses in water by: precipitating a metal salt from the reaction solvent through neutralization or reduction in the presence of a polymer or monomer dissolved in the reaction solvent; polymerizing the monomer after precipitation of the metal salt in the case where the monomer forms no composite with the metal salt during precipitation in the presence of the monomer; washing the obtained precipitate with a specific washing solvent; and drying the resultant.