Abstract: A paper-discharge tray for an image-forming apparatus is adapted to hold paper discharged by a paper-discharging device arranged downstream of a fixing device in the image-forming apparatus. The free end of the paper-discharge tray is adapted to be bent in the direction in which the paper will curl when it passes through the fixing device, such that the paper can be stably stacked even when it curls during the fixing process.

Abstract: An image-forming machine includes a detachably mountable process unit. The process unit has a rotatable drum having an electrostatographic material thereon, a corona discharger, a developing device and a cleaning device. The developing device includes a development housing for holding a developer, a developer applicator for applying the developer to the electrostatographic material, and an agitating device for stirring the developer in the development housing. An agitating member of the agitating device is arranged to prevent damage of the agitating device due to forces resisting agitation motion by the agitating member. The developer applicator has a sleeve member for holding a developer on its surface, and a developer regulating blade which regulates the developer layer thickness, on the surface of the sleeve member, to provide an uniform developer thickness in the width direction.

Abstract: An image-forming machine includes an image-bearing member having a photosensitive material on its surface, a latent electrostatic image-forming device for forming a latent electrostatic image corresponding to image information on the photosensitive material, a developing device for developing the latent electrostatic image, a transfer device for transferring the toner image from the photosensitive material to a sheet material, a conveying mechanism for conveying the sheet material through a transfer zone, and a receiving section for receiving the sheet material conveyed through the transfer zone. An assembly provides an improved cooperation of an optical device of the image-forming device, a sheet receiving section and the developing device. A further assembly maintains a process unit having the image-bearing member and an optical unit having the optical device in a predetermined positional relationship.

Abstract: An image-forming machine having a main body and a process unit adapted to be detachably mounted on the main body. The process unit includes a first unit having a developing device and a charging corona discharger and a second unit having a rotating drum and a cleaning device. The developing device comprises a magnetic brush mechanism comprised of a hollow cylindrical sleeve and a permanent magnet disposed within the sleeve and a blade adapted to be brought into press contact with the surface of the sleeve and to decrease sufficiently the thickness of the developer layer on the sleeve surface. The cleaning device includes an elastic blade adapted to be brought into press contact with a photosensitive member disposed on the surface of the rotating drum. The toner removed from the surface of the photosensitive member by the action of the elastic blade is recovered into an interior space of the rotating drum.

Abstract: An image-forming machine including a main body of the machine having a lower housing and an upper housing mounted on the lower housing pivotably between an open position and a closed position, and a process unit detachably mounted on the lower housing on the main body. The lower housing has a supporting-guiding device mounted pivotably between an elevated position and a lowered position, a holding device pivotably mounted between a holding position at which the supporting-guiding device is held at the elevated position and a release position at which the supporting-guiding device is permitted to move to the lowered position, and a biasing position for elastically biasing the holding device at the holding position. The process unit has a first unit and a second unit. The supporting-guiding device positioned at the elevated position can be mounted on and detached from the first unit. The second unit is separably combined with the first unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a driving apparatus for the optical systems of a photocopier comprising 1st and 2nd optical systems, 1st and 2nd wires stretched out facing with each other through the wire-fixed ends of the 1st optical system, moving pulleys of the 2nd optical system, fixed pulleys of both systems and a common wire drum for both wires. The common wire drum has two wire drum bodies with a shallow and smooth dented portion, and a screw for pressing and fixing the approximate center of the wires against the bottom surface and/or side surface of the dented portion.

Abstract: An optical unit holding device for copying machines having a pair of stationary slide members attached to one end of a support frame proper which holds an optical unit reciprocating for document exposure, and another pair of slide members which is turnably attached to the other end of the support frame proper, thereby holding the support frame proper on a slider at four points by a manner that each pair of the slide members is supported on the slider, and further a driving wire is connected respectively to each end of the support frame proper.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying process and apparatus capable of forming copies in at least two different ratios. The formation of a copied image involves exposure scanning of the image of an original document and projecting it on a photosensitive member through an optical device. The change of the ratio of copying is achieved by changing the ratio of projection of the image of the document onto the photosensitive member by the optical device, and also changing the speed of scanning.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying process and apparatus capable of forming copies in at least two different ratios. The formation of a copied image involves exposure scanning of the image of an original document and projecting it on a photosensitive member through an optical device. The change of the ratio of copying is achieved by changing the ratio of projection of the image of the document onto the photosensitive member by the optical device, and also changing the speed of scanning.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying process and apparatus capable of forming copies in at least two different ratios. The formation of a copied image involves exposure scanning of the image of an original document and projecting it on a photosensitive member through an optical device. The change of the ratio of copying is achieved by changing the ratio of projection of the image of the document onto the photosensitive member by the optical device, and also changing the speed of scanning.

Abstract: An engagement mechanism for a developing means in an electrostatic copying machine, wherein an original image is guided to a photoreceptor arranged on a rotary drum via a focusing device, forming an electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor and the electrostatic latent image being positively changed into a toner image by the developing means, and the rotary drum is supported in a freely rotatable fashion by the supporting member at the supporting frame body which can be drawn out from a vertical front plate of the copying machine body and a contact surface controlling a horizontal position of the developing means and a guide controlling a vertical position are provided at a fixed position of the supporting member, and furthermore the engagement member rotatable to one direction from the standard position is provided movably toward the rotary drum at the standard position with a constant impetus thereto separately from the supporting member and the developing means is arranged movably toward the rotary d

Abstract: An electrostatic copying process and apparatus capable of forming copies in at least two different ratios. The formation of a copied image involves exposure scanning of the image of an original document and projecting it on a photosensitive member through an optical device. The change of the ratio of copying is achieved by changing the ratio of projection of the image of the document onto the photosensitive member by the optical device, and also changing the speed of the scanning.

Abstract: A cleaning device for an electrostatic photographic copying machine having a sensitive drum provided with a paper-stripping groove at one side thereof includes an upper blade for stripping residual toner from the sensitive drum, a lower blade for guiding the thus stripped toner from the surface of the sensitive drum toward a toner withdrawing device, and a groove cover covering the paper-stripping groove at least from the upper blade to the lower blade so that the groove cover will be in contact with the lower blade. Residual toner which is stripped from the surface of the sensitive drum is prevented from entering the paper stripping groove by the groove cover.

Abstract: A corona discharging apparatus used in an electrostatic photographic copying machine includes a shield case provided with an open portion facing a circumferential surface of a sensitive drum. The shield case is detachably and dislocatably provided with a shield cover for regulating an electrifying width achieved by a thin wire for corona discharging arranged in the shield case at a longitudinal end of the shield case over the open portion.