Abstract: Methods and apparatus for automatically controlling the concentration of a detergent in a cleaning solution determine the electrical conductivity Y of a cleaning solution 2 with a sensor 4, convert the electrical conductivity Y into the detergent concentration X using equation Y=aX+b (wherein Y=electrical conductivity of the cleaning solution, X=concentration of the detergent, a=inherent factor of the detergent, and b=electrical conductivity of the solvent), compare the converted detergent concentration with a preset value given in terms of detergent concentration, and actuate concentration controlling means according to the result of comparison.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for drying a wet work, for example, subsequent to a washing operation, in which a work is dried in an accelerated and precise manner free of stains or spots by means of: a hot D.I. water drying section 1 adapted to heat a work by immersion in hot D.I. water 11 and then to pull out the work for drying same; a vacuum drying section 2 adapted to dry off residual moisture on the work in a vacuum vessel under reduced pressure; and a work transfer means arranged to transfer the work from the hot D.I. water drying section 1 to the vacuum drying section 2.

Abstract: A television signal is encoded by the use of a sampling pulse synchronized with a color subcarrier frequency included in an input television signal, the encoded signal is compressed and recorded in a memory for later reproduction of a desired compressed picture image having a desired size and center position, the recorded signal is reproduced under the control of a clock pulse signal produced in synchronism with a sync signal obtained in a studio, for example, and the reproduced signal is corrected by inverting the polarity of the chroma component according to frame information at the time of recording of said reproduced signal.Thus, it is possible to freely obtain phase coupling of different synchronizing signals; for instance, it is possible to bring the phase of a different television signal of a different synchronization system into coincidence with the phase of a central synchronization signal and it is possible to reproduce an object image optionally compressed on a TV display screen.