Abstract: An alignment film capable of reducing occurrence of alignment disorder in a simple manner, a method of manufacturing the alignment film, a retardation film, a method of manufacturing the retardation film, and a display are provided. An alignment film is configured of an anchor layer and an alignment layer stacked in this order on a base. The alignment layer includes a groove region having a plurality of fine grooves on a surface thereof, and a groove region having a plurality of fine grooves on a surface thereof. The anchor layer provided between the base and the alignment layer is provided with an antistatic function in addition to a function of bringing the alignment layer into close contact with the base.

Abstract: An optical device is provided and includes a substrate having a three-dimensionally random concave-convex shape on the surface thereof, and a hard coat layer formed on the substrate, wherein a projection height with the maximum frequency on the substrate surface falls within the range of 1.5 ?m or more and not more than 10 ?m. Projections larger than the projection height with the maximum frequency on the substrate surface have a height falling within +3 ?m from a central value of the projection height with the maximum frequency. A length RSm in a lateral direction of concaves and convexes on the substrate surface is 55 ?m or more and not more than 500 ?m.

Abstract: An alignment film capable of reducing occurrence of alignment disorder in a simple manner, a method of manufacturing the alignment film, a retardation film, a method of manufacturing the retardation film, and a display are provided. An alignment film is configured of an anchor layer and an alignment layer stacked in this order on a base. The alignment layer includes a groove region having a plurality of fine grooves on a surface thereof, and a groove region having a plurality of fine grooves on a surface thereof. The anchor layer provided between the base and the alignment layer is provided with an antistatic function in addition to a function of bringing the alignment layer into close contact with the base.

Abstract: An optical device is provided and includes a substrate having a three-dimensionally random concave-convex shape on the surface thereof, and a hard coat layer formed on the substrate, wherein a projection height with the maximum frequency on the substrate surface falls within the range of 1.5 ?m or more and not more than 10 ?m. Projections larger than the projection height with the maximum frequency on the substrate surface have a height falling within +3 ?m from a central value of the projection height with the maximum frequency. A length RSm in a lateral direction of concaves and convexes on the substrate surface is 55 ?m or more and not more than 500 ?m.