Abstract: System for determining a position of a tool-point-of-interest of a tool, relative to an eye-tissue-of-interest, which includes and imager a tool-tracker and a processor. The imager acquires an image of a tissue-reference-marker. The tool-tracker determines information relating to the P&O of the tool in a reference-coordinate-system. The imager and the tool-tracker are in registration with the reference-coordinate-system. The processor determines the position of the tissue-reference-marker in the reference-coordinate-system, according to the acquired image of the tissue-reference-marker. The processor determines the P&O of the eye-tissue-of-interest in the reference-coordinate-system according to at least the position of the tissue-reference-marker and a relative position between the tissue-reference-marker and the eye-tissue-of-interest. The relative position is pre-determined from a stored-3D-model.

Abstract: System for determining a position of a tool-point-of-interest of a tool, relative to an eye-tissue-of-interest, which includes and imager a tool-tracker and a processor. The imager acquires an image of a tissue-reference-marker. The tool-tracker determines information relating to the P&O of the tool in a reference-coordinate-system. The imager and the tool-tracker are in registration with the reference-coordinate-system. The processor determines the position of the tissue-reference-marker in the reference-coordinate-system, according to the acquired image of the tissue-reference-marker. The processor determines the P&O of the eye-tissue-of-interest in the reference-coordinate-system according to at least the position of the tissue-reference-marker and a relative position between the tissue-reference-marker and the eye-tissue-of-interest. The relative position is pre-determined from a stored-3D-model.

Abstract: System and method for determining the position and orientation (P&O) of a tool-tip relative to an eye tissue of interest. The system includes and imaging and tracking module coupled with a processor. The imaging and tracking module at least includes an imager. The imager acquires at least one image of at least one tissue-reference-marker. The imaging and tracking module further determines information relating to the P&O of the tool. The processor determines the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker according to the acquired image of the tissue-reference-marker. The processor determines the P&O of the eye tissue of interest, according to the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker, and a predetermined relative P&O between the tissue-reference-marker and the eye tissue of interest. The processor also determines the P&O of a tool-tip according to a tool-marker and determines the relative P&O between the tool-tip and the eye tissue of interest.

Abstract: System and method for determining the position and orientation (P&O) of a tool-tip relative to an eye tissue of interest. The system includes and imaging and tracking module coupled with a processor. The imaging and tracking module at least includes an imager. The imager acquires at least one image of at least one tissue-reference-marker. The imaging and tracking module further determines information relating to the P&O of the tool. The processor determines the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker according to the acquired image of the tissue-reference-marker. The processor determines the P&O of the eye tissue of interest, according to the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker, and a predetermined relative P&O between the tissue-reference-marker and the eye tissue of interest. The processor also determines the P&O of a tool-tip according to a tool-marker and determines the relative P&O between the tool-tip and the eye tissue of interest.

Abstract: System and method for determining the position and orientation (P&O) of a tool-tip relative to an eye tissue of interest. The system includes and imaging and tracking module coupled with a processor. The imaging and tracking module at least includes an imager. The imager acquires at least one image of at least one tissue-reference-marker. The imaging and tracking module further determines information relating to the P&O of the tool. The processor determines the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker according to the acquired image of the tissue-reference-marker. The processor determines the P&O of the eye tissue of interest, according to the P&O of the tissue-reference-marker, and a predetermined relative P&O between the tissue-reference-marker and the eye tissue of interest. The processor also determines the P&O of a tool-tip according to a tool-marker and determines the relative P&O between the tool-tip and the eye tissue of interest.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may comprise receiving medical image data and metadata of a specific patient. A patient-specific digital image-based model of an anatomical structure may be generated based on the medical image data and the metadata. A computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure may be performed using the digital image-based model and the metadata.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may include producing a digital image-based model of an anatomical structure based on medical image data, producing, based on the image-based model and extrapolated data, an extended model that represents the anatomical structure and adjacent anatomical regions not included in the medical image data, displaying a graphical representation of the extended model and performing a computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure using the extended model.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may comprise receiving medical image data and metadata of a specific patient. A patient-specific digital image-based model of an anatomical structure may be generated based on the medical image data and the metadata. A computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure may be performed using the digital image-based model and the metadata.

Abstract: Outdoor imaging is plagued by poor visibility conditions due to atmospheric scattering, particularly in haze. A major problem is spatially-varying reduction of contrast by stray radiance (airlight), which is scattered by the haze particles towards the camera. The images can be compensated for haze by subtraction of the airlight and correcting for atmospheric attenuation. Airlight and attenuation parameters are computed by analyzing polarization-filtered images. These parameters were estimated in past studies by measuring pixels in sky areas. However, the sky is often unseen in the field of view. The invention provides methods for automatically estimating these parameters, when the sky is not in view.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may include producing a digital image-based model of an anatomical structure based on medical image data, producing, based on the image-based model and extrapolated data, an extended model that represents the anatomical structure and adjacent anatomical regions not included in the medical image data, displaying a graphical representation of the extended model and performing a computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure using the extended model.