Abstract: A surface geometry measuring apparatus which relies upon triangulation to measure the distance to an object from a sensor head comprising projection optics and observation optics, wherein the projection optics has a drive mechanism capable of adjusting the laser beam projecting position or the baseline length, the distance to the object is calculated by measuring the baseline length at the time when the point at which a spot of the laser light projected to the object forms a focused image on the observation plane in the observation optics has come to the center of the observation plane, the surface geometry measuring apparatus has a mechanism for causing the sensor head or observation optics to move or turn from side to side and a mechanism for causing the sensor head to turn up and down such that the moving or turning from side to side and the turning up and down allow the point of measurement on the object to be scanned with the laser beam two-dimensionally to measure the surface geometry of the object.

Abstract: A double-wall structure consisting of an inner wall, an outer wall surrounding said inner wall and reinforcing ribs that connect said outer and inner walls is produced by a piercing welding method in which an electron beam is externally applied at right angles to the outer wall, such that the welded structure of the outer wall and each rib is composed of at least two piercing weld beads that are spaced apart by an unwelded area, with the sum of the widths of the weld beads being at least 25% of the rib width and the length of the unwelded area exterior to the root of each bead being no more than 20% of plate thickness. The distortion in welding is sufficiently reduced to enable precise assembling of the double-wall structure that can be fabricated efficiently and which can reasonably withstand the large electromagnetic force caused by plasma disruption.

Abstract: An in-pipe work device comprising at least two movement mechanisms connected with each other in a longitudinal direction of a pipe by a flexible tube, and a control device for controlling the movement mechanisms, the movement mechanisms including a body connected to the flexible tube, a guide member installed on the body such that the guide member is slidable in an axial direction, a support leg drive mechanism provided on the guide member and having a support leg movable in a radial direction of the pipe, for pressing the support leg against an inner wall of the pipe, thereby to hold the guide member kept unmovable in an axis direction of the pipe, a slide mechanism for relatively sliding the guide member and the body, with the support leg pressed against the inner wall of the pipe, thereby to slide the body in the axis direction of the pipe, wherein the control device controls the in-pipe movement device so as to move in a pipe by itself, by sequentially operating the plurality of movement mechanism in a pr

Abstract: There is provided a forced-cooled superconductor including a conduit and a plurality of superconducting strands disposed within the conduit in spaced relationship. A coolant passes through the spaces between the strands for cooling the conduit and strands. The conduit and strands are further cooled by means of an additional separate cooling channel which cooperates with the coolant for cooling the conduit and strands.

Abstract: A large number of fine electrical conductor wires (5, 6) are densely packed in a tube (1). The electric conductor wires (5, 6) occupy 50% to 85% of the cross-sectional area of the inside of the tube (1) and are uniformly distributed over the cross-section. The electric conductor wires are preferably either twisted (5) or woven (6).