Abstract: Embodiments described herein are directed to a charging assembly for use with a battery. The assembly includes an engine, a voltage regulator, an engine control unit, a charging controller, and a rectifier. The engine drives an alternator for producing either of a single or multi-phase AC voltage. The voltage regulator communicates with said alternator. The rectifier converts the AC voltage from the alternator to DC prior to delivery to the battery pack. The engine operates at variable speeds during charging of the battery, including an initially higher revolutions per minute corresponding to a highest rate of charge when a current charge of the battery is at or below a predetermined threshold level, with a subsequently reduced revolutions per minute as a temperature of the battery is rising and the current charge of the battery is increasing, during which the rate of charge slows as directed by the battery management system.

Abstract: An internal combustion-type engine or powertrain that is capable of burning wet-alcohol fuel mixture and including a piston reciprocating within a cylinder attached to a cylinder head and connecting to a crank shaft via a connecting rod. An intake cam and valve is mounted within an intake port formed in the cylinder head and an exhaust cam and valve is mounted within an exhaust port also formed in the cylinder head. A pressurized fuel source is introduced into the cylinder by a fuel injector and the percentage of water in the alcohol/water mix operates to prolong the cylinder pressure in order to increase a mean effective pressure (IMEP), leading to a higher torque (improved Brake Mean Effective Pressure—BMEP) of the engine via a longer pressure pulse attained during the period of preferred mechanical advantage of the crank-arm of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion-type engine or powertrain that is capable of burning wet-alcohol fuel mixture and including a piston reciprocating within a cylinder attached to a cylinder head and connecting to a crank shaft via a connecting rod. An intake cam and valve is mounted within an intake port formed in the cylinder head and an exhaust cam and valve is mounted within an exhaust port also formed in the cylinder head. A pressurized fuel source is introduced into the cylinder by a fuel injector and the percentage of water in the alcohol/water mix operates to prolong the cylinder pressure in order to increase a mean effective pressure (IMEP), leading to a higher torque (improved Brake Mean Effective Pressure—BMEP) of the engine via a longer pressure pulse attained during the period of preferred mechanical advantage of the crank-arm of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion-type engine or powertrain that is capable of burning wet-alcohol fuel mixture and including a piston reciprocating within a cylinder attached to a cylinder head and connecting to a crank shaft via a connecting rod. An intake cam and valve is mounted within an intake port formed in the cylinder head and an exhaust cam and valve is mounted within an exhaust port also formed in the cylinder head. A pressurized fuel source is introduced into the cylinder by a fuel injector and the percentage of water in the alcohol/water mix operates to prolong the cylinder pressure in order to increase a mean effective pressure (IMEP), leading to a higher torque (improved Brake Mean Effective Pressure—BMEP) of the engine via a longer pressure pulse attained during the period of preferred mechanical advantage of the crank-arm of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion-type engine or powertrain that is capable of burning wet-alcohol fuel mixture and including a piston reciprocating within a cylinder attached to a cylinder head and connecting to a crank shaft via a connecting rod. An intake cam and valve is mounted within an intake port formed in the cylinder head and an exhaust cam and valve is mounted within an exhaust port also formed in the cylinder head. A pressurized fuel source is introduced into the cylinder by a fuel injector and the percentage of water in the alcohol/water mix operates to prolong the cylinder pressure in order to increase a mean effective pressure (IMEP), leading to a higher torque (improved Brake Mean Effective Pressure—BMEP) of the engine via a longer pressure pulse attained during the period of preferred mechanical advantage of the crank-arm of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: A piston ring having a ring-shaped body with at least one internal wall surface configured to bear against the piston, an exterior wall surface, and at least a top wall surface extending from the exterior wall surface to the at least one internal wall surface and capable of intersecting a top surface of the piston to form an extended top surface of the piston when mounted on the piston. The top wall surface of the ring cooperates with the piston top surface to form a reservoir that collects liquid scraped off the cylinder wall, thereby reducing or eliminating blow-by of contaminants to the crankcase.

Abstract: A piston ring having a ring-shaped body with at least one internal wall surface configured to bear against the piston, an exterior wall surface, and at least a top wall surface extending from the exterior wall surface to the at least one internal wall surface and capable of intersecting a top surface of the piston to form an extended top surface of the piston when mounted on the piston. The top wall surface of the ring cooperates with the piston top surface to form a reservoir that collects liquid scraped off the cylinder wall, thereby reducing or eliminating blow-by of contaminants to the crankcase.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to luminescent solar concentrators, processes for the production of the same and uses thereof. The luminescent solar concentrators comprise a composite substrate including two or more films containing luminescent compounds and wavelength-selective mirrors, which concentrators may be connected to photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate having a surface that is at least partially laminated with a coating that provides the surface both anti-reflective and self-cleaning properties. The coating is characterized by low refraction, a contact angle of at least 150° and a sliding angle of at most 10°, and includes two components: (i) an anti-reflecting coating (ARC) component and (ii) a self-cleaning coating (SCC) component. Also provided is a method for providing a substrate having a surface that is at least partially laminated with an anti-reflecting (AR) self-cleaning (SC) coating, the method including providing a substrate with at least one surface and applying a coating onto at least a part of the at least one surface, the coating including an ARC component and a SCC component.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder with a combustion chamber and a piston selectively changing the volume of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of air, hydrogen and a liquid fuel consisting essentially of water and a flammable, preferably non-fossil, substance. The contents of the combustion chamber are ignited generating power.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to luminescent solar concentrators, processes for the production of the same and uses thereof. The luminescent solar concentrators comprise a composite substrate including two or more films containing luminescent compounds and wavelength-selective mirrors, which concentrators may be connected to photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: The invention provides luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) exhibiting high efficiency, and durable fluorescence properties, comprising at least one plate having two major surfaces and a plurality of edges having solar cells attached thereto, the plate comprising a substrate selected from the group consisting of glass and plastic and being provided with a composite inorganic-organic sol-gel based matrix film deposited on at least one major surface thereof, wherein the film is doped with at least one luminescent dye and the concentrator comprises at least three luminescent dyes of substantially different absorption ranges and wherein the film has a thickness of at least 10 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate having a surface that is at least partially laminated with a coating that provides the surface both anti-reflective and self-cleaning properties. The coating is characterized by low refraction, a contact angle of at least 150° and a sliding angle of at most 10°, and includes two components: (i) an anti-reflecting coating (ARC) component and (ii) a self-cleaning coating (SCC) component. Also provided is a method for providing a substrate having a surface that is at least partially laminated with an anti-reflecting (AR) self-cleaning (SC) coating, the method including providing a substrate with at least one surface and applying a coating onto at least a part of the at least one surface, the coating including an ARC component and a SCC component.

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen gas fuel used in powering an internal combustion engine of a vehicle comprising a hydrogen reactor which includes at least one set of electrode plates comprising a plurality of neutral, positively charged and negatively charged plates disposed in a predetermined sequence or position relative to one another to define a predetermined stacked array submerged within water maintained in the hydrogen reactor.

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen gas fuel used in powering an internal combustion engine of a vehicle comprising a hydrogen reactor which includes at least one set of electrode plates comprising a plurality of neutral, positively charged and negatively charged plates disposed in a predetermined sequence or position relative to one another to define a predetermined stacked array submerged within water maintained in the hydrogen reactor. Metal particles disbursed within the water are forced through the plurality of electrode plates and structured to define an additional collection surface area, along with said plurality of electrode plates, on which hydrogen gas may be collected to facilitate increased production thereof.