Abstract: Provided is an acoustic sensor. The acoustic sensor includes: a substrate including sidewall portions and a bottom portion extending from a bottom of the sidewall portions; a lower electrode fixed at the substrate and including a concave portion and a convex portion, the concave portion including a first hole on a middle region of the bottom, the convex portion including a second hole on an edge region of the bottom; diaphragms facing the concave portion of the lower electrode, with a vibration space therebetween; diaphragm supporters provided on the lower electrode at a side of the diaphragm and having a top surface having the same height as the diaphragm; and an acoustic chamber provided in a space between the bottom portion and the sidewall portions below the lower electrode.

Abstract: An optical network system for controlling a passive optical network (PON) in which at least one symmetric optical subscriber terminal and at least one asymmetric optical subscriber terminal coexist is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a white space use system using a connection recognition signal, which is associated with technology that enables white space devices to search for and to use an available frequency band in a digital broadcasting system. In particular, provided is a white space use system using a connection recognition signal that enables even devices incapable of autonomously searching for an available channel to safely use a white space in interaction with white space devices.

Abstract: Organic electroluminescent devices are provided. The organic electroluminescent device may includes a first light emitting part including a transparent first electrode, a first organic light emitting layer, and a transparent second electrode which are stacked, and a capping layer stacked on the first light emitting part. The first light emitting part emits light of a first wavelength, and the capping layer reflects the light of the first wavelength and transmits light of a second wavelength. Thus, the lights of the first and second wavelengths are emitted in high efficiency.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing non-sequentially stored data is provided. The data processing apparatus may include an order information mapping unit to map transmission order information to data, an address list generating unit to generate an address list including addresses of the data arranged sequentially based on the transmission order information, and a data processing unit to process the data corresponding to each of the addresses based on an address order of the address list.

Abstract: Provided are a method for machine type communication (MTC) user equipment (UE) to connect to an evolved Node-B (eNB) in a random access procedure, and an apparatus employing the method. The method for MTC UE to connect to an eNB includes receiving, at the MTC UE, system information or a handover command from the eNB, transmitting, at the MTC UE, a random access preamble to the eNB, receiving, at the MTC UE, a random access response message from the eNB, and transmitting, at the MTC UE, a connection request message or a handover confirm message including information about a dedicated bandwidth of the MTC UE to the eNB such that the MTC UE can be allocated the dedicated bandwidth. Using this method, an eNB is notified of a dedicated bandwidth of MTC UE, and thus can effectively utilize radio resources.

Abstract: A sensor network includes: a network coordinator that broadcasts a first beacon frame; a sensor device that receives a frame from the network coordinator or transmits a frame to the network coordinator; and at least one repeater that relays the frame of the network coordinator to the sensor device or relays the frame of the sensor device to the network coordinator and that broadcasts a second beacon frame that is synchronized with the first beacon frame, wherein the sensor device is synchronized with the second beacon frame to transmit/receive the frame, the cyclic-superframe includes a plurality of slotted-superframes corresponding to the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame, and the network coordinator, the sensor device, and the repeater operate in a periodically repeated cyclic-superframe structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers, optical films, organic electroluminescent devices, and methods of manufacturing the optical film. The polymer and the optical film according to the inventive concept may include a high refractive material chemically combined with a polymer matrix and a low refractive material chemically combined with the polymer matrix. The low refractive material has a lower refractive index than the high refractive material. Thus, the polymer and the optical film may function as a light scattering layer including the low and high refractive materials chemically combined with the polymer matrix, or a light scattering layer including a high refractive film and low refractive particles dispersed within the high refractive film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of accessing a channel in a wireless local area network is provided. A destination station receives a request to send (RTS) frame to allocate a network allocation vector from a source station over a first bandwidth and transmits a clear to send (CTS) frame over a second bandwidth to the source station in response to the RTS frame. The second bandwidth is dynamically determined when a first parameter has a predetermined value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a headend device for a cable network and a method of operating the headend device. The headend device for a hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC)-based cable network may transmit a digital video data stream and an Internet Protocol (IP) data stream input using various input interface standards integratedly based on a frequency channel standard for the cable network to improve efficiency.

Abstract: A program search apparatus and method using a related keyword is provided. The program search apparatus may include an interface to extract a search keyword from a program search request, in response to the program search request being received, and a processor to obtain a related keyword with respect to the search keyword, using the extracted search keyword, to search a database for first program information using the obtained related keyword, and to provide found first program information.

Abstract: The inventive concept relates to a wireless communication receiver. The wireless communication receiver includes a second off-chip RF filter, an RF-to-digital converter and a digital pre-processor processing a signal converted into a digital. The RF-to-digital converter converts an RF signal being received into a digital signal of DC frequency band or intermediate frequency band and has a dynamic range that can process a wanted RF band signal and unwanted signals near to the wanted RF band signal. The digital pre-processor digitally controls a signal gain to transmit it to a modulator/demodulator.

Abstract: There are provided a file management server for ensuring security in a cloud computing environment, and a file management method thereof. The file management server includes: a file registration unit configured to store a file in a plurality of chunk servers, and to manage a security level of the file; and a file search unit configured to receive a file access request from a client module, to check a security level of a file corresponding to the file access request, to notify, if the security level of the file is equal to or higher than a predetermined security level, the file's owner that a request for accessing the file has been made.

Abstract: A cognitive radio mesh node may include at least one directional antenna, at least one transceiver to transmit and receive data using the at least one directional antenna, and a processor to determine a channel for performing communication for a cognitive radio mesh network based on a geolocation database and to control the at least one transceiver based on the determined channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transceiving data. A method in which a transmitting terminal transmits data to a receiving terminal in a MIMO system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: generating a data field containing the data; generating a signal field containing information on the data field; generating a data frame containing the data field and the signal field; and transmitting the data frame to the receiving terminal. According to the present invention, an end of the frame being transmitted is accurately notified to the receiving terminal in a communication system in which the frame is transmitted using MIMO, thereby decoding the frame in a more efficient manner at the receiving terminal.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus in a communication system includes a reception unit configured to receive terminal information from a plurality of terminals through a new frequency band for transmission and reception of data between the plurality of terminals and an AP (access point); a determination unit configured to determine access timing of the terminals to the AP by using the terminal information, and generate terminal access information including information on the access timing; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the terminal access information and beacon frames to the terminals, wherein the terminals access the AP and transmit data frames to the AP, at the access timing based on the beacon frames.

Abstract: Provided is an ion beam treatment apparatus including the target. The ion beam treatment apparatus includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposed to the first surface, and including a cone type hole decreasing in width from the first surface to the second surface to pass through the substrate, wherein an inner wall of the substrate defining the cone type hole is formed of a metal, an ion generation thin film attached to the second surface to generate ions by a laser beam incident into the cone type hole through the first surface and strengthen, and a laser that emits a laser beam to generate ions from the ion generation thin film and project the ions onto a tumor portion of a patient. The laser beam incident into the cone type hole is focused by the cone type hole and is strengthened.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fine motion estimation device for high resolution including: a previous picture storage memory in which search area data of previous pictures for macroblocks of current pictures are stored; an FIR filter configured to perform FIR filtering on the search area data stored in the previous picture storage memory; a memory configured to differentiate and store the FIR filtered search area data; a QME data processing unit configured to generate reference area data for motion estimation in a ¼ pixel unit; a processing array unit configured to perform motion estimation in a ½ pixel unit and the macroblocks transmitted from the FIR filter and motion estimation in the ¼ pixel unit; and a control unit configured to control operations of the FIR filter, the processing array unit, and the QME data processing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a device and method for automatically controlling frequency. The automatic frequency control device includes a frequency error detection unit configured to obtain a frequency error detection value of a received carrier, a frequency error prediction unit configured to calculate a first frequency error prediction value on the basis of the frequency error detection value when the frequency error detection value satisfies a preset first criterion, and a frequency error compensation unit configured to calculate a second frequency error prediction value by correcting the first frequency error prediction value, and compensate for a frequency of the carrier on the basis of the second frequency error prediction value when a frequency change rate of the received carrier satisfies a preset second criterion. Therefore, overshoot and undershoot effects are minimized, and thus frequency control may be correctly performed.

Abstract: In a direct communication between terminals, a terminal transmits a synchronization channel preamble part after transmitting a synchronization channel message part including synchronization information. The terminal receives a dedicated channel including a direct communication packet after transmitting the synchronization channel preamble part. A transition time gap for switching from transmission to reception may be inserted to an end of the synchronization channel preamble part.